Cancer is a multistep process whereby genetic events that result in the activation of proto-oncogenes or the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes usurp physiologic programs mandating relentless proliferation and growth. Experimental evidence surprisingly illustrates that the inactivation of even a single oncogene can be sufficient to induce sustained tumor regression. These observations sugge...

Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), the most frequent histological type of lung cancer, is often triggered by an aberration in a driver oncogene in tumor cells. Examples of such aberrations are EGFR mutation and ALK fusion. Lung adenocarcinoma harboring such mutations can be treated with anticancer drugs that target the aberrant gene products. Additional oncogene aberrations, including RET, ROS1, and N...

Resistance of tumors to irradiation or chemotherapeutic agents is thought to be one of the reasons why patients who present with early malignancies may not be cured. Much is now known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie drug resistance, but until recently little was known about genetic contributions to radiation resistance. Some evidence now links oncogenes, particularly the ras family...

HYPOTHESIS Are different events involved in the development of sporadic versus hereditary tumours? The possible importance of the microenvironment in hereditary cancer In a recent review, Weinberg (1989) has discussed apparent violations of multistep carcinogenesis when in some cases full transformation of primary cultures by single oncogenes (ras) has been reported. Normally at least two coope...

Buckwheat rutin has been found to be able to inhibit angiotensin II (AngII) - induced hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, but the mechanism remains uncertain. In this study, myocardial hypertrophy model was made by adding AngII to the medium of cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats, meanwhile, different concentrations of buckwheat rutin were applied to observe their effects. Intrac...

of introducing a mutant ras oncogene into cells. In the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research 1970s, the effects elicited by a ras oncogene were Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute thought obvious: ostensibly normal cells exposed to of Technology this gene would become transformed into cancer cells. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 Then, in 1983, the beginnings of subtlety became ...

Recent studies have suggested that autocrine production of Neuregulin (NRG), a growth factor that activates members of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/ErbB family of proto-oncogenes, is sufficient for breast tumor initiation and progression. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating these events, we undertook a global analysis of genes regulated by NRG in luminal mammary epithelial ...

We have studied the ability of the neu tyrosine kinase to induce a signal for the activation of cell growth-regulated genes. Serum-starved NIH 3T3 cells expressing an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R)/neu construct encoding a hybrid receptor protein were stimulated with EGF and the activation of the neu tyrosine kinase and stimulation of growth factor inducible genes were followed at the...

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death due to cancer among women worldwide. Using transgenic mice to dissect the contributions of the human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E6 and E7 oncogenes in cervical cancer, E7 was identified previously to be the dominant oncogene. Specifically, when treated with exogenous estrogen for 6 months, E7 transgenic mice developed cancer throughout the reproductive t...