We present a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations to investigate the spatially homogeneous state of tumor growth under virotherapy. The emphasizes interaction among cells, oncolytic viruses, and host immune system that generates both innate adaptive responses. conduct rigorous equilibrium analysis derive threshold conditions determine or decay various scenarios. Numerical...

We have recently demonstrated that oncolytic vesicular stomatitis viruses can be efficiently and selectively delivered to neoplastic lesions by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Importantly, the loading of viruses onto MDSCs inhibited their immunosuppressive properties and endowed them with immunostimulatory and tumoricidal functions. Our study demonstrates the potential use of MDSCs as...

Oncolytic viruses are native or engineered viruses that preferentially replicate in and lyse cancer cells. Selective tumor cell replication is thought to depend on infection of neoplastic cells, which harbor low levels of protein kinase R (PKR) and dysfunctional type I IFN signaling elements. These changes allow more efficient viral replication, and with selected deletion of specific viral gene...

Measles virus (MV) is a negative-strand RNA virus (paramyxovirus) with oncolytic properties. The significant preclinical activity of MV vaccine strains against a variety of tumor models, their potent bystander effect, their selectivity against tumor cells, and their ability to retain their oncolytic properties when engineered and retargeted makes them a promising oncolytic platform. In this art...

PURPOSE Oncolytic adenoviruses are promising tools for cancer therapy. Although several clinical reports have indicated both safety and promising antitumor capabilities for these viruses, there are only a few examples of complete tumor eradication. Thus, the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic adenoviruses needs to be improved. One potentially useful approach is combination with radiotherapy. EXP...

With the approval of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) for inoperable locally advanced or metastatic malignant melanoma in the USA and Europe, oncolytic virotherapy is now emerging as a viable therapeutic option for cancer patients. In parallel, following the favourable results of several clinical trials, adoptive cell transfer using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected T-cells is anticipa...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) detected at an early stage has a good prognosis, however, recurrence of the disease is prevalent and late stage CRC (stage IIIC and IV) has observed 5-year survival rates of 28% and 6%, respectively. Oncolytic virotherapy has been explored as a potential treatment modality in cancer therapy for its safety and tumor specificity. We recently reported that oncolytic vaccini...

BACKGROUND Although disease remission can frequently be achieved for patients with neuroblastoma, relapse is common. The cancer stem cell theory suggests that rare tumorigenic cells, resistant to conventional therapy, are responsible for relapse. If true for neuroblastoma, improved cure rates may only be achieved via identification and therapeutic targeting of the neuroblastoma tumor initiating...

Although results of cancer treatment have improved steadily, metastatic solid tumors can be cured only rarely and therefore new modalities are needed. Tumors often become apoptosis-resistant and capable of excluding drugs during therapy. Similar mechanisms of resistance apply to many treatment regimens, and cross-resistance between different chemotherapeutics often limits the treatment options....

Oncolytic viruses are generally designed to be cancer selective on the basis of a single genetic mutation. JX-594 is a thymidine kinase (TK) gene-inactivated oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and lac-Z transgenes that is designed to destroy cancer cells through replication-dependent cell lysis and stimulation of antitumoral immunity. J...