Three recent papers provide striking insight into the mechanisms used to regulate B-cell differentiation. They demonstrate that B-cell fate choice can be stochastic, directed, inherited, or some combination of these, depending on the circumstances. The trick is going to be working out which is important when.

This paper provides a new estimation of an international poverty line based on a Bayesian approach. We found that the official poverty lines of the poorest countries are related to the countries’ mean consumption level. This new philosophy is to be compared to the previous assumptions made by the World Bank in favour of an absolute poverty line. We propose a new international poverty line at $1...

BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to assess the effect of antegrade placement of internal double-J catheters for patients who underwent open pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction. METHODS Medical records of unilateral dismembered pyeloplasties of 71 patients with UPJ obstruction treated between 1998 and 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. In all patients, a double-J cath...

Forecasting the aftershock probability has been performed by the authorities to mitigate hazards in the disaster area after a main shock. However, despite the fact that most of large aftershocks occur within a day from the main shock, the operational forecasting has been very difficult during this time-period due to incomplete recording of early aftershocks. Here we propose a real-time method f...

One day surgery (ODS) has been performed for many years in our pediatric surgical department. In 1975 we began to discharge children the day after surgery, but they were hospitalized one day before to perform preoperative routine laboratory tests and the anesthetic visit. From 1980 to 1984 the tests and the anesthetic visit were performed some days before scheduled surgery in the consulting roo...

Complete dentures fabrication conventionally requires 4 to 5 visits to the clinic. It will be sometimes very demanding for aged patients and also for the dentist. Here, in this article, technique of complete denture construction in one day for an old denture wearer is described. Wherein the old denture is used as special tray and also as record base. Secondary impression with border moulding an...

The paper presents a rapid method of developing a shallow Arabic morphological analyzer. The analyzer will only be concerned with generating the possible roots of any given Arabic word. The analyzer is based on automatically derived rules and statistics. For evaluation, the analyzer is compared to a commercially available Arabic Morphological Analyzer.