The Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) represents a promising design approach to assess the performance and post-earthquake load carrying capacity of steel frames. Generally, only maximum transient inter-story drift is considered as damage intensity measure (DM), when IDA carried out. In Authors' opinion, better appraise all aspects characterizing state structures, additional DMs should be cons...

This paper explores the effects o f adding synthetic reinforcing fibres to highstrength reinforced concrete columns and in particular only to the cover o f the columns. An experimental program was conducted where seven circular reinforced concrete columns were tested with varying fibre content one contained no fibres, two contained fibres throughout the cross-section and four contained fibres o...

Here we provide information on ice columns and frozen rills found in late-season snowpacks in and near the Green Lakes Valley of the Colorado Front Range, USA. The presence of ice columns and frozen rills in late season snowpacks may provide insights with which to understand the spatial distribution of preferential flowpaths in melting snowpacks. In July and August of 1996 and 1997 we found ice...

the nondestructive techniques are applied to identify important data from the internal process of distillation towers, process towers, pressure vessels and etc. in recent, the gamma-ray scanning techniques as diagnostic tools for scanning of tray columns, packed columns, storage tanks, level measurement and density measurement of containing materials has been used widely. this paper has tried t...

the use of polymer composite (frp) as a reinforcement material for the repair and strengthening of important components of reinforced concrete structures, particularly columns, has found wide spread. in this study, the effect of intermediate layer on improving the confinement behavior of reinforced concrete columns has been investigated. to achieve the objectives of the study, 14 cylindrical re...

This paper presents a generalized numerical method to evaluate element stiffness matrices needed for the free vibration and stability analyses of non-prismatic columns resting on one- or two-parameter elastic foundations and subjected to variable axial load. For this purpose, power series approximation is used to solve the fourth–order differential equation of non-prismatic columns with v...

The first three Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns were held during polar sunrise at Eureka, Nunavut, Canada (80 N, 86 W) from 2004 to 2006 in support of validation of the ACE (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment) satellite mission. Three or four zenith-sky viewing UV-visible spectrometers have taken part in each of the three campaigns. The differential slant column densities and vertical co...

Etymologically, 'opinion' has at least one foot in the idea of being able to think independently, of owning one's thoughts, and the other in the idea of choice, of being able to have preferences, judge something one way or another, or take one of several positions on a controversial issue. Having opinions implies being cognitively autonomous, independent, but also somewhat unpredictable. Althou...

eDITORIaLS Food additives and hyperactivity Evidence supports a trial period of eliminating colourings and preservatives from the diet Whether preservatives and colourings cause or exacerbate hyperactive behaviours is an important question for many paediatricians and parents. A recent randomised placebo controlled trial in 297 children aged 3-9 years provides evidence of increased hyperactive b...