objective(s):multi-epitopic protein vaccines and direction of vaccine delivery to dendritic cells (dcs) are promising approaches for enhancing immune responses against mutable pathogens. escherichia coli is current host for expression of recombinant proteins, and it is important to optimize expression condition. the aim of this study was the optimization of multi-epitopic hiv-1 tat/pol/gag/env ...

background: the aim of this study was to detect the prognostic significance of survivin level and the expression of total p53 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) and its correlation to patients' outcome. methods: sixty two children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were treated with chemotherapy and followed up for 2 years or until death. twenty apparently healthy volunteers w...

background and objectives: brucella melitensis infection is still a major health problem for human and cattle in developing countries and the middle east. materials and methods: in this study, in order to screen immunogenic candidate antigens for the development of a brucella subunit vaccine, a cytoplasmic protein (dnak) and an outer membrane protein (omp31) of b. melitensis were cloned, expres...

morphine’s effects on learning and memory processes are well known to depend on synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. whereas the role of the hippocampus in morphine-induced amnesia and state-dependent learning is established, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. the present study intended to investigate whether administration of morphine ...

the eukaryotic complexity involves the expression and regulation of genes via rna-dna, rna-rna, dna-protein and rna-protein interactions. recently, the role of rna molecules in the regulation of genes in higher organisms has become more evident, especially with the discovery that about 97% of the transcriptional output in higher organisms are represented as noncoding rnas: rrna, snornas, trna, ...

background: there are only four drugs for treating african trypanosomiasis, a devastating disease in sub-saharan africa. with slow discovery of better drugs, vaccination is viewed as the best method of control. we previously showed that antibodies to native trypanosoma brucei brucei tubulin inhibit the growth of trypanosomes in culture. here, we aimed to determine the effect of antibodies to ba...

abstract       background and objectives: more candida albicans strains are reported resistant to fluconazole in patients with aids, cancer and organ recipients. fluconazole resistance can be attributed to changes in pathways of sterol biosynthesis, mutation in or overexpression of erg11 and the expression of cdr1, cdr2, and mdr1. this study aimed to compare the expression of cdr1, cdr2, and md...

the mucus layer plays an important role as an intermediate for the protection of the gut against acidic chyme, digestive enzymes, and pathogens; in addition, it acts as a lubricant and facilitator of nutrient transportation. phytogenic compounds seem to promote intestinal mucus production. objectives: the current study was conducted to investigate the effects of low and high levels of energy an...

background:influenza virus is globally pathogenic and it is usually associated with zoonotic respiratory diseases. this virus has caused a number of pandemics with a high mortality rate. the non-structural (ns1) protein of influenza a viruses is a non-essential virulence factor that has multiple accessory functions during viral infection. this protein is highly conservative. it has been shown t...

background: rabies virus (rabv) is a deadly neurotropic virus that causes the disease of rabies in humans and animals. l protein is one of the large structural protein of rabies virus, which displays multiple enzymatic activities, and is required for viral transcription and replication.objectives: a truncated l protein of rabies virus is being cloned, expressed and purified to produce relevant ...