OBJECTIVES Premedication with clonidine has been found to reduce the bleeding during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), therefore lowering the risk of surgical complications. Premedication is an essential part of pre-surgical care and can potentially affect magnitude of systemic stress response to a surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of premedication with clonidi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sedative efficacy and effects on early period cognitive function of premedication in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). METHODS Forty patients (18-70 years; American Society of Anesthesiology risk category I-III) undergoing elective ERCP were randomized to receive oral premedication with 0.15 mg/kg midazolam or 1 mg/kg tramadol. Cognitive function...

introduction: preoperative psycho emotional preparation of patients is one of the principle purposes of anesthesia which can be achieved by administration of premedications. children should receive premedication before entering the operating room due to their dependence on parents and the fear and anxiety of separation from parents. different drugs are administered for this purpose, but conside...

BACKGROUND Autistic children are very difficult to manage in the hospital setting because they react badly to any change in routine. METHODS We have developed a unique management program for autistic children admitted for medical and surgical procedures requiring a general anaesthetic. Details of each patient managed according to this program have been prospectively entered into an Autistic R...

Premedication should provide effective anxiolysis and conscious sedation to improve the conditions for parental separation and induction of general anesthesia. Among different premedicants used for children by the oral route, we used in this study midazolam and fentanyl aiming to determine the value of adding fentanyl lozenge (brand name Actiq®, Cephalon, UT) to midazolam syrup for preoperative...

conclusions the use of midazolam 0.5 mg/kg reduced children's stress and increased their cooperation during the procedure. objectives the purpose of our study was to compare using oral midazolam in contrast to prescribing no sedative medication for voiding dysfunction in children undergoing vcug. patients and methods in a clinical trial, we studied 84 children referred for vcug. children were a...