A 34-week infant born from a mother with a history of drug abuse developed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the first hours of life. Urine drug screening was positive for cocaine and heroin. The infant developed acute kidney injury and bilateral hydronephrosis while receiving oral morphine for control of NAS. Cessation of morphine therapy and urinary catheterization resulted in a rapid and...

PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical benefits of switching from morphine to oral methadone in patients who experience poor analgesia or adverse effects from morphine. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-two consecutive cancer patients receiving oral morphine but with uncontrolled pain and/or moderate to severe opioid adverse effects were switched to oral methadone administered every 8 hours using differen...

morphine and tramadol which have analgesic effects can be administered acutely or chronically. this study tried to investigate the effect of these drugs at various times by using different methods of administration (intraperitoneal, oral, acute and chronic). sixty adult female rats were divided into six groups. they received saline, morphine or tramadol (20 to 125 mg/kg) daily for 15 days. a ho...

Chronic breathlessness, a persistent and disabling symptom despite optimal treatment of underlying causes, is frightening with serious widespread impact on patients their carers. Clinical guidelines support the use morphine for relief chronic breathlessness in common long-term conditions, but questions remain around clinical effectiveness, safety longer-term (>7 days) administration. This tr...

Abstract* Introduction: Visual system have been considered as among important sensory system in animals’ life span and their survival is closely related to normal visual system functioning. Since in previous studies it have been revealed that morphine consumption during pregnancy could lead to defect and delay in nervous system development in the embryos, in the present study, changes induc...

introduction: nitric oxide (no) is a neuronal messenger molecule in the central nervous system, which is generated from l-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (nos) and involves in many important opioid-induced effects. our previous studies revealed that cuminum cyminum interestingly reduces morphine sensitization, tolerance and dependency in male mice. therefore, in the present study, the effect ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Acute stroke patients with severely impaired oral intake are at risk of malnutrition and dehydration. Rapid identification of these patients is necessary to establish early enteral tube feeding. Whether specific lesion location predicts early tube dependency was analysed, and the neural correlates of impaired oral intake after hemispheric ischaemic stroke were assessed. ...

Introduction: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of intra-nucleus accumbens shell microinjection of Larginine (NO precursor) and L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor) on morphine withdrawal signs in male rats. Method: Rats were anaesthetized with a combination of ketamine and xylazine, and placed in stereotaxic apparatus, and a guide cannula was inserted into nucleus accu...

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal injuries (MSK-Is) are a common and painful condition among children that remains poorly treated in the emergency department (ED). We aimed to test the efficacy of a combination of an anti-inflammatory drug with an opioid for pain management of MSK-I in children presenting to the ED. METHODS In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled ch...