Objective Traumatic orbital apex syndrome (TOAS) is a rare disease characterized by the damage of cranial nerves (CNs) II, III, IV, and VI. The aim of our study was to analyze the functional recovery of CNs in TOAS and discuss the management of these patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients with TOAS treated in the Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from...

Background: Orbital decompression is performed to reduce intraorbital pressure by removing the fat tissue and bone around orbit. Access proper equipment, experienced personnel, adequate anatomical knowledge are essential perform this procedure. To achieve maximum decompression, surgeons need open orbit up apex, including optic foramen annulus of Zinn. Objectives: This study aimed determine loca...

Aim: To review treatment response to combined intravenous steroid and orbital irradiation (DXT) in Asians with active thyroid eye disease (TED). Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: Single centre retrospective case series on active TED patients who received IV steroids and DXT at the Singapore National Eye Centre from 2005 to 2015. Patients who did / did not undergo surgical decompressio...

BACKGROUND One of the main concerns in orbital blowout fracture repair is a narrow operation field, due mainly to the innate complex three dimensions of the orbit; however, a deep location and extensive area of the fracture and soft tissue edema can also cause concern. Swelling of the orbital contents progresses as the operation continues. Mannitol has been used empirically in glaucoma, cerebra...

rehabilitation of facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient. the disfigurement associated with the loss of an eye may result in significant physical and emotional problems. various treatment modalities are available, one of which is the use of implants. although implant-supported orbital prosthesis has a superior outcome, it may not b...

UNLABELLED A case of orbital lymphangioma in a 9 year-old female, with proptosis (Hertel= 29 mm), ocular motility restriction, pain and visual loss due to compressive optic neuropathy is described. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam showed an expansive cystic lesion in the extraconal space of the right orbit, non-infiltrating with intralesional hemorrhage. The patient had no improvement wi...

Chronic granulomatous mastitis is known as a benign and relatively rare disorder that is often difficult to differentiate from breast carcinoma. We highlight the case of a 34-year-old woman who had recurrent episodes of right breast swelling and abscess for 8 years. These were proven to be chronic granulomatous mastitis by tissue biopsies on 3 different occasions. Her condition improved on simi...

HAEMANGIOMAS are well-known formations; they occur all over the body although they are exceedingly rare in the orbit. It is not our intention here to discuss the pathology of these neoplasms or malformations, as this has already been done adequately by Ewing (1940), Boyd (1947), and Willis (1948). For a comprehensive bibliography on orbital tumours and, in particular, on orbital haemangiomas, r...