The organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 mediates transport of carnitine and organic cations in Na(+)-dependent and Na(+)-independent manners, respectively. However, the mechanism of molecular recognition of different substrates has not been clarified yet. We previously found a single amino acid change in OCTN2, Ser467Cys (S467C), in the Japanese population and observed a decreased carnit...

Enzymes are the cell’s executive molecules that catalyse the chemical reactions required for an organism to function. Some enzymes require cofactors (metal ions or organic small molecules) for catalysis. Approximately half of all enzyme reactions crucially depend on organic enzyme cofactors. In order to better understand the chemistry of life, it is important to understand the properties, evolu...

A new catalyst was prepared by promoting fly ash with hydrogen peroxide. The catalytic activity of H2O2 promoted fly ash (HPFA) was evaluated by synthesis 5(4H)-oxazolone and imidazolone derivatives under solvent free conditions. The possible mechanisms of synthesis reactions were also suggested. These proposed methods benefit in terms of low-cost catalyst, high yields, ease of workup, survival...

in order to evaluate the adsorption potential of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) for benzene, toluene and xylenes (btx), the adsorption capacities of benzene and toluene on two different mwcnts were measured using a gas-chromatography (gc) and then compared with each other. fourier transform infrared (ftir) was employed to investigate the presence of functional groups on the carbon nanot...

Polyspecific organic cation transporters in the liver mediate the elimination of a wide array of endogenous amines and xenobiotics. In contrast to our understanding of the mechanisms of organic cation transport in rat liver, little is known about the mechanisms of organic cation transport in the human liver. We report the cloning, sequencing, and functional characterization of the first human p...

Hydrofluoroethers are shown to be benign solvents to a wide variety of organic electronic materials, even at extreme conditions such as boiling temperature. Coupled with fluorous functional photoresist-acidsensitive semi-perfluoroalkyl resorcinarene, they open new frontiers for photolithographical patterning for organic electronic systems. Summary of Research: Organic electronics is emerging as...

The frequency, severity, and characteristics of psychiatric illness and stressful life situations were assessed in 134 patients aged 18-60 years referred to a gastrointestinal clinic by their general practitioner. A functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract was established in 72%. A formal psychiatric assessment in 64 randomly selected patients revealed a previous or current psychiatric...

The agricultural practice of amending soils with composted municipal solid waste (MSW) adds significant amounts of organic matter and trace metals, including Cd. Under these conditions, soluble organic complexes of Cd formed in the compost may be more significant than previously thought, due to Cd bioavailability and mobility in the soil environment. To study the relative importance of differen...

Background: Fixed dystonia leads to an immobile abnormal posturing of the affected limb. There is an ongoing debate whether this condition is psychogenic in origin. Case report: We present a 21-year-old violinist with fixed dystonia after an acute overuse injury with a transient cyanosis but no signs for psychological trauma. After Incobotulinumtoxin injection, symptoms subsided within 8 hours....

BACKGROUND Fixed dystonia leads to an immobile abnormal posturing of the affected limb. There is an ongoing debate whether this condition is psychogenic in origin. CASE REPORT We present a 21-year-old violinist with fixed dystonia after an acute overuse injury with a transient cyanosis but no signs for psychological trauma. After Incobotulinumtoxin injection, symptoms subsided within 8 hours....