This paper describes a computational pragmatic model which is geared towards providing helpful answers to modal and hypothetical questions. The work brings together elements from fonna l . semantic theories on modality m~d question answering, defines a wkler, pragmatically flavoured, notion of answerhood based on non-monotonic inference aod develops a notion of context, within which aspects of ...

The current study intends to conduct a comparative analysis of modality in English and Behdini-Kurdish. Modality is linguistic category pertaining expressing possibility necessity, among other meanings. paper’s central problem that Behdini-Kurdish learners face difficulty comprehending the notion English, precisely modal auxiliary verbs. primary goals this investigation are define epistemic deo...

Being a multifaceted unit idioms can be studied from five angles: meaning, function, style, emotiveness and contrastive analysis. The merit of this paper lies in the fact that it attempts to analyze evaluative functions English idioms. analysis is performed within functional framework thesis establish semantics Idioms operate as encoded resources for amplifying attitudinal meanings entities phe...

Natural language understanding systems make use of language and/or world knowledge bases. One of the salient problems of meaning representation and knowledge structure is the modelling of its acquisition and modiication from natural language processing. Based upon the statistical analysis of discourse, a formal representation of vague word meanings is derived which constitutes the lexical struc...

Nesih meselesi, fıkıh usûlünün ihtilaflı konularından biridir. İlk dönemlerden itibaren neshin vukû bulmasının mümkün olup olmayacağı veya keyfiyeti hakkında farklı görüşler öne sürülmüş, neshe verilen lügavî, şer‘î, örfî ve ıstılâhî anlamlar çerçevesinde değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapılan bu değerlendirmelere göre usul âlimlerinin nesih kavramının hangi anlamı üzerinden...

Collaborative learning enables participants in a learning community to externalize and share knowledge, experiences, and practice. However, collaborative learning in an online environment can be challenging due to the lack of face-to face interaction. This current study examined twenty graduate students’ experiences of using VoiceThread for a collaborative activity in an entirely online course ...

We present an optimised multi-modal dialogue agent for interactive learning of visually grounded word meanings from a human tutor, trained on real human-human tutoring data. Within a life-long interactive learning period, the agent, trained using Reinforcement Learning (RL), must be able to handle natural conversations with human users, and achieve good learning performance (i.e. accuracy) whil...

Chalmers’s philosophical work exploits a distinctive version of two-dimensionalism, a formal modal framework from the 1960s and 1970s that one can use to define two kinds of possible worlds semantic values. Chalmers presents this as the best form of a Fregean account of content. One of the principal aims of Constructing the World is to provide its metaphysical foundations. Chalmers presents him...

The article presents a formal analysis in the framework of bi-directional optimality theory of the free choice, ignorance and indifference implicatures conveyed by the use of indefinite expressions or disjunctions. Ignorance is expressed by standard means of epistemic logic. To express indifference we use Groenendijk and Stokhof’s question meanings. To derive implicature, Grice’s conversational...

We present a multi-modal dialogue system for interactive learning of perceptually grounded word meanings from a human tutor (Yu et al., ). The system integrates an incremental, semantic, and bidirectional grammar framework – Dynamic Syntax and Type Theory with Records (DS-TTR1, (Eshghi et al., 2012; Kempson et al., 2001)) – with a set of visual classifiers that are learned throughout the intera...