During early flower development in Arabidopsis, floral stem cells proliferate and produce a sufficient amount of cells that are recruited for organogenesis. However, after the central organ primordia initiate, stem cell activity in the floral meristem is terminated to ensure the differentiation of a fixed number of floral organs. Underlying this process, the genetic programme regulating the fat...

This study provided a practical procedure, for the first time, to compare the component difference of the floral parts of Trollius chinensis and identify the characteristic peaks of each floral part using the high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint technique followed by similarity analysis. The results showed that the constituents of different floral parts exhibited lower similarity...

As an interaction of multiple domains including design, the furniture industry may valorise in ornamentation traditional motifs, and could encourage creativity designers to develop original products with a modern based on digitalized technology. The article presents example applying CAD-CAM-CAE tools for analysing possibility transposing motifs from textile heritage decoration, select appropria...

The paper introduces the classical ABC model of floral development and thereafter ABCD, ABCDE and quartet models, and presents achievements in the studies on floral evolution such as the improved understanding on the relationship of reproductive organs between gnetophytes and angiosperms, new results in perianth evolution and identified homology of floral organs between dicots and monocots. The...

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of four monofloral and one multifloral of Thai honeys produced by Apis cerana, Apis dorsata and Apis mellifera were analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The floral sources were longan, sunflower, coffee, wild flowers (wild) and lychee. Honey originating from longan had more...

We investigated floral initiation in the long-day monocot Lolium temulentum, strain Ceres, by culturing apices explanted from photoperiodically induced plants at various times after one inductive long day onto medium with, and without, gibberellin. Apices cultured on the first day after the inductive long day usually required gibberellin in the medium to initiate floral morphogenesis while apic...

• Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulation has a profound effect on plant-arthropod interactions. Here, we investigated floral Se distribution and speciation in flowers and the effects of floral Se on pollen quality and plant-pollinator interactions. • Floral Se distribution and speciation were compared in Stanleya pinnata, an Se hyperaccumulator, and Brassica juncea, a comparable nonhyperaccumulator. P...

Immense floral trait variation has likely arisen as an adaptation to attract pollinators. Different pollinator syndromes-suites of floral traits that attract specific pollinator functional groups-are repeatedly observed across closely related taxa or divergent populations. The observation of these trait syndromes suggests that pollinators use floral cues to signal the underlying nectar reward, ...

The MADS-domain transcription factor APETALA1 (AP1) is a key regulator of Arabidopsis flower development. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying AP1 function, we identified its target genes during floral initiation using a combination of gene expression profiling and genome-wide binding studies. Many of its targets encode transcriptional regulators, including known floral repressors....

In animal-pollinated plants with unisexual flowers, sexual dimorphism in floral traits may be the consequence of pollinator-mediated selection. Experimental investigations of the effects of variation in flower size and floral display on pollinator visitation can provide insights into the evolution of floral dimorphism in dioecious plants. Here, we investigated pollinator responses to experiment...