BACKGROUND Syndromic surveillance promotes the early detection of diseases outbreaks. Although syndromic surveillance has increased in developing countries, performance on outbreak detection, particularly in cases of multi-stream surveillance, has scarcely been evaluated in rural areas. OBJECTIVE This study introduces a temporal simulation model based on healthcare-seeking behaviors to evalua...

BACKGROUND Dengue is an increasingly incident disease across many parts of the world. In response, an evidence-based handbook to translate research into policy and practice was developed. This handbook facilitates contingency planning as well as the development and use of early warning and response systems for dengue fever epidemics, by identifying decision-making processes that contribute to t...

We present Cluster Onset Detection (COD), a novel algorithm to aid in detection of epidemic outbreaks. COD employs unsupervised learning techniques in an online setting to partition the population into subgroups, thus increasing the ability to make a detection over the population as a whole by decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio. The method is adaptive and able to alter its clustering in real-...

Timely identification of outbreaks of hospital-associated infections is needed to implement control measures and minimize impact. Survey results from 33 hospitals indicated that most hospitals lacked a formal cluster definition and all targeted a very limited group of prespecified pathogens. Standardized, statistically based outbreak detection could greatly improve current practice.

The potentially catastrophic impact of a bioterrorist attack makes developing effective detection methods essential for public health. In the case of anthrax attack, a delay of hours in making a right decision can lead to hundreds of lives lost. Current detection methods trade off reliability of alarms for early detection of outbreaks. The performance of these methods can be improved by modern ...

17 Address to which correspondence should be sent: 18 C. Elaine Chapman 19 Département de physiologie 20 Université de Montréal 21 PO Box 6128, Succursale centre ville 22 Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7 23 Canada 24 25 Tel : 514-343-2304 26 Fax : 514-343-6113 27 e-mail : [email protected] 28 29 30 Running title: Tactile roughness perception 31 32

an outbreak of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania major was identified in ghanavat rural district, qom province, central iran, during 1999-2001. among 1069 inhabitants examined in dec. 1999, 5.14% showed evidence of active lesions and 12.44% had scar indicative of past infection. the most highly infected age group was 5-9 years old for ulcers with a rate of 6.56%. the inciden...

0173 For disease outbreak detection, the public-health community has historically relied on the watchful eyes of doctors and other health-care workers, who have reported individual cases or clusters of cases of particular diseases to healthcare and other authorities. The increased availability of electronic health-care data, however, raises the possibility of more automated and earlier outbreak...

BACKGROUND Resource-limited tropical countries are home to numerous infectious pathogens of both human and zoonotic origin. A capability for early detection to allow rapid outbreak containment and prevent spread to non-endemic regions is severely impaired by inadequate diagnostic laboratory capacity, the absence of a "cold chain" and the lack of highly trained personnel. Building up detection c...

0173 For disease outbreak detection, the public-health community has historically relied on the watchful eyes of doctors and other health-care workers, who have reported individual cases or clusters of cases of particular diseases to healthcare and other authorities. The increased availability of electronic health-care data, however, raises the possibility of more automated and earlier outbreak...