This chapter proposes a method to measure educational research based on academic publications. After presenting semantic approach identifying output, it shows how the production and geographic distribution of output evolved over past 30 years, different disciplines contributed this looks at other characteristics such as its collaborative nature or balance between qualitative quantitative

Object-orientation supports code reuse and incremental programming. Multiple inheritance increases the power of code reuse, but complicates the binding of method calls and thereby program analysis. Behavioral subtyping allows program analysis under an open world assumption; i.e., under the assumption that class hierarchies are extensible. However, method redefinition is severely restricted by b...

The main purpose of this paper is the formulation of a methodological approach for the definition of homogenous spatial clusters, taking into account both geographical and descriptive characteristics. The proposed methodology, is substantiated by SPiRAL (SPatial Integration and Redistricting ALgorithm), a constrained-based spatial clustering algorithm, whose successive steps focus on the analys...

The effective implementation of workflow system in manufacture enterprises enables the enterprises to achieve the benefits associated with the integration, automation and management of their business process. The conventional workflow model based approaches hinder the change of workflow logic flexibly. These approaches face difficulties in satisfying the changing market demands, meeting the dem...

T here have been numerous dialogues in nursing about its mission and definition, but a refinement of existing definitions has yet to be offered. This article is written with the goal of maintaining a vigorous discourse. The phenomena of concern to the discipline of nursing that have been described by various theorists, and generally accepted by members of the discipline, are health, person, env...

A new definition of Embedded Push-Down Automata is provided. We prove this new definition preserves the equivalence with tree adjoining languages and we provide a tabulation framework to execute any automaton in polynomial time with respect to the length of the input string.

As part of the new macroeconomic modelling project at the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, considerable effort has been directed towards constructing an historical estimate of the productive capacity of the New Zealand economy. The technique documented in this paper augments the stochastic-trend estimation approach of the Hodrick-Prescott (1997) filter with information from broad macroeconomic rela...

forbidding the redefinition of attribute types, inverting the routine argument redefinition rule to observe contravariance (redefined arguments should have more general types), judging type compatibility between parameterised types after replacing the type parameters and introducing an explicit type attribute scheme to handle Eiffel's anchored types. Contravariance is a counterintuitive finding...

Gene-specific expansion of the genetic code allows for UGA codons to specify the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). A striking example of UGA redefinition occurs during translation of the mRNA coding for the selenium transport protein, selenoprotein P (SELENOP), which in vertebrates may contain up to 22 in-frame UGA codons. Sec incorporation at the first and downstream UGA codons occurs with vari...