The restricted earth fault (REF) relay is a type of differential protection which is used for detection of internal ground faults of power transformers. But, during external faults and transformer energization conditions, the probability of current transformer (CT) saturation increases. Thus, the spurious differential current due to CT saturation, can lead to REF relay maloperation. In this pap...

Electric distribution networks have a simple protection system including fuses, re-closers, and overcurrent relays. One of the negative effects of DG installation in distribution network is miscoordination of protection devices and conflict between DG operation as islanding mode and protection purposes. This paper for overcoming to this difficulty proposes an efficient algorithm based on dividi...

-Electromechanical wave propagation may affcet power system protective device operation. This paper discusses the testbed development to study the electromechanical wave propagation impacts on power system dynamic behavior, and consequently impacts on protective devices including overcurrent, distance, and out-of step relays. To have a better insight, a test bed to simulate electromechanical os...

1214304-8585-IJET-IJENS © August 2012 IJENS I J E N S Abstract— In this paper we present the design of an Adaptive overcurrent protection for Distribution Power Systems with penetration of Distributed Generation, based in a proposed methodology. The methodology takes into account typical protection schemes, normative, general protection requirements, protections coordination and distributed gen...

Opportunistic relaying scheme is a single cooperative relay selection method based on Channel State Information. However, the failure probability of the best relay selection may become unacceptable when the number of relays increases. Although most of the existing solutions can reduce the failure probability of relay selection, they ignore the fairness of the relay selection. In order to improv...

The relay channel consists of a transmitter input x1, a relay input x2, a relay output y2 and a receiver output y3. In this report, we combine a degraded semi-deterministic relay channel with a semi-deterministic orthogonal relay channel to obtain a new mixture relay channel. For the new mixture relay channel, a combination of the compress-and-forward strategy and the partial decode-and-forward...

In a relay channel, between the sender X and the the receiver Y lies at least one relay. Generally, the relay can both transmit its own information and help forwarding other sources’ information. This summary considers the latter case, i.e., the relay intends solely to help the receiver. The relay and the transmitter cooperate to resolve the receiver’s uncertainty. Due to the presence of relay,...