1. The following were measured in pieces of perirenal adipose tissue obtained from foetal lambs at about 120 days of gestation or within 3 days of term, and 9-month-old sheep: the rates of synthesis from glucose of fatty acids, acylglycerol glycerol, pyruvate and lactate; the rate of glucose oxidation to CO2 and the proportions contributed by the pentose phosphate cycle, pyruvate dehydrogenase ...

OBJECTIVE Small-molecule hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase (HIF-P4H) inhibitors are being explored in clinical studies for the treatment of anemia. HIF-P4H-2 (also known as PHD2 or EglN1) inhibition improves glucose and lipid metabolism and protects against obesity and metabolic dysfunction. We studied here whether HIF-P4H-2 inhibition could also protect against atherosclerosis. A...

The effect of ingestion of saline, glucose, and ethanol (isocaloric with the glucose) on the mobilization of radiopalmitate from epididymal fat prelabeled in vivo and the incorporation of the mobilized label into liver lipids was investigated in rats. The mobilization of radiopalmitate from epididymal fat and the incorporation of the mobilized label into liver triglyceride were most markedly el...

Dietary treatment with high-fat diets (HFD) triggers diabetes and hyperleptinemia, concomitantly with a partial state of leptin resistance that affects hepatic and adipose tissue but not the heart. In this context, characterized by widespread steatosis, cardiac lipid content remains unchanged. As previously reported, HFD-evoked hyperleptinemia could be a pivotal element contributing to increase...

BACKGROUND Macronutrient composition of diets can influence energy balance in humans. We tested the hypothesis whether low protein content in single meals may induce lower values of energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation (FO) as compared to adequate protein content. METHODS Indirect calorimetry was combined with a breath test using naturally 13C-enriched corn oil to differentiate between p...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the effects of 6-week Nordic walking (NW) workout with individually customized intensity, on the body composition, and oxidative stress biomarkers for women > 55 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixteen sedentary women (age 58.1±2.02 years old, body mass index (BMI) 26.74±2.72 kg/m2) worked out the NW 3 times/week over the 6-week period. Training intensity, wh...

NLY 0 two studies on fatty acid turnover in experimental obesity could be found in the literature. In 1943 Salcedo and Stetten (I) determined the rate of lipolysis in yellow congenitally obese mice (CHS silver) using deuterium as their tracer. They used four female mice, followed them for an experimental period of only 9 days, and used as control values the results of Schoenheimer and Rittenber...

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin M (IgM) natural antibodies bind oxidatively-modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apoptotic cells and have been implicated as being important for protection against atherosclerosis. We have directly investigated the requirement for IgM by studying the effects of IgM deficiency in LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice deficient in seru...

BACKGROUND Dietary management of phenylketonuria (PKU) requires the replacement of natural protein-containing foods with special low protein foods. The effect of a PKU type diet on factors contributing to energy balance requires investigation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of a PKU type meal on appetite ratings, gut appetite hormones, thermic effect of feeding (TEF) and fat oxidation. ...