The polyphosphoinositide PtdIns(4,5)P2, best known as a substrate for phospholipase C isozymes, has recently been recognized to be involved in a variety of other cellular processes. The aim of this study was to examine whether the cellular levels of this versatile phospholipid are controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation. The studies were performed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably...

Macrophages can adapt to the absence of oxygen by switching to anaerobic glycolysis. In this study, we investigated (a) the roles of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P2) and ribose 1,5-bisphosphate (Rib-1,5-P2), potent activators of phosphofructokinase, (b) the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of Rib-1,5-P2, and (c) the mechanisms of regulation of these enzymes in H36.12j macrophages dur...

Using a polypeptide oligomer harboring 16 repeats of the neuritogenic epitope (aa 58-73) of myelin P2 protein separated by spacers, enhancement of the immune response to the P2 protein, an important neuritogenic autoantigen in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), was attempted. In contrast to a previous study with PLP-16-mer antigen-specific response of T cells was attenuated at all doses ex...

BACKGROUND/AIMS P2/MS is known as a simple, accurate, and noninvasive marker for determination of the degree of hepatic fibrosis in patients with viral hepatitis. We aimed to validate P2/MS in patients with HCC. METHODS Consecutive HCC patients who underwent surgical resection between June 2007 and March 2009 at Seoul National University Hospital were enrolled. Fibrosis stage was reviewed and...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between protamine deficiency assessed by cma3 and protamine 1/ protamine 2 (p1/p2) ratio. material and methods: this study was carried out on 71 patients referring to isfahan fertility and infertility center. semen analysis was assessed according to who criteria. cma3 staining was use to determine protamine deficiency. p1/p2 ratio...

For a graph G, the P2-path graph, P2(G), has for vertices the set of all paths of length 2 in G. Two vertices are connected when their union is a path or a cycle of length 3. We present lower bounds on the edge-connectivity, (P2(G)) of a connected graph G and give conditions for maximum connectivity. A maximally edge-connected graph is superif each minimum edge cut is trivial, and it is optimum...

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) elicited by amyl acetate from subjects performing a visuomotor tracking task compared with the no-task conditions of eyes open and eyes closed. Task condition did not produce any reliable effects for any amplitude measure. Task type weakly influenced only P2 latency. Elder adults evinced smaller P2 and N...

We derive tight bounds for the maximum number of k-faces, 0 ≤ k ≤ d − 1, of the Minkowski sum, P1 ⊕ P2, of two ddimensional convex polytopes P1 and P2, as a function of the number of vertices of the polytopes. For even dimensions d ≥ 2, the maximum values are attained when P1 and P2 are cyclic d-polytopes with disjoint vertex sets. For odd dimensions d ≥ 3, the maximum values are attained when ...

We complete a classification of the groups of endotrivial modules for the modular group algebras of symmetric groups and alternating groups. We show that, for n p2, the torsion subgroup of the group of endotrivial modules for the symmetric groups is generated by the sign representation. The torsion subgroup is trivial for the alternating groups. The torsion-free part of the group is free abelia...

This paper studies compositional semantics of nonmonotonic logic programs. We suppose the answer set semantics of extended disjunctive programs and consider the following problem. Given two programs P1 and P2, which have the sets of answer sets AS(P1) and AS(P2), respectively; find a program Q which has answer sets as minimal sets S∪T for S from AS(P1) and T from AS(P2). The program Q combines ...