In this paper design of reduced order switching function for a discrete-time uncertain nonminimum phase system in special coordinate basis form is proposed. The sliding mode control with this method guarantees the asymptotic stability of all states of system in presence matched disturbance. This problem is further extended to the tracking problem of discrete time uncertain nonminimum phase syst...

This paper develops a theory that predicts why firms organize their knowledge workers as employees vs. independent contractors and predicts the performance implications of this choice. It then employs a newly constructed data set to empirically examine this organizing choice, which our theory predicts will be driven by contracting difficulties arising from expropriation concerns, measurement co...

Much research in recent years has focused on various routing strategies for supporting ee-cient communication in point-to-point networks. Other research has emphasized novel switching techniques, such as virtual cut-through and wormhole switching. However, little attention has been paid to the subtle interplay between routing and switching schemes. It is desirable to select routing strategies t...

Optical packet switching has received considerable attention over the last few years. In this paper we discus how optical signal processing can play a role in photonic packet routing. Two examples are given. Firstly we discuss ultrafast wavelength switching at 160 Gbit/s in a single semiconductor optical amplifier. Secondly, an integrated photonic flip-flop is discussed. Finally a discussion is...

Recent research in switching has concentrated on various forms of statistical switching networks capa ble of supporting user connections of arbitrary band width Fast packet switching is one approach that has gained a lot of attention and is being studied by many researchers This paper addresses the problem of how the con guration of user connections a ects the loading of the internal links of a...

This paper studies loss performance of optical burst switching (OBS) with assembled burst traf£c input by exploring the characteristics of assembled burst traf£c. We analyze the smoothing effect of assembly algorithms, which changes the statistical properties of packet ¤ows, and £nd that assembly algorithms smooth the short range burstiness in packet traf£c and thus enhance the loss performance...

A new optical packet switching network and its enabling technologies are investigated for implementation in a Petaflops scale supercomputer system. We capitalize on the immense bandwidth of the optical fiber interconnects by deploying WDM/TDM packet payloads. To accommodate current optical switching technologies, the routing operations in the network are drastically simplified and the need for ...