conclusions: despite its known shortcomings, like every other diagnostic tool, panoramic radiography can contribute to the early detection of maxillary/mandibular lesions that in turn enable the dentist to devise an appropriate treatment plan. results: cysts were mostly more common in men despite the equal propensity of both genders to benign tumors. in contrast, women showed a higher frequency...

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introdouction: age estimation is an important issue in forensics, particularly for treatment planning and determining patients’ rights. radiographic evaluation of the third molar developmental stage is a significant criterion for age estimation. the pattern of tooth development is largely heritable and varies from race to race. the objective of this study was to radiographically examine and com...

objective: osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disease of the bone decreasing bone mineral density (bmd) particularly in postmenopausal women. on the other hand, panoramic radiography has several applications in dentistry. it appears that by calculating some indices on panoramic radiographs, we may be able to predict the risk of osteoporosis in high-risk individuals. the present study was...