OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency of compensatory orthodontic treatment of patients with mild Class III malocclusion with two preadjusted bracket systems. METHOD Fifty-six matched patients consecutively treated for mild Class III malocclusion through compensatory dentoalveolar movements were retrospectively evaluated after analysis of orthodontic records. The sa...

The objective of this study was to model seasonal behavior of broiler price in Iran that can be used to forecast the monthly broiler prices. In this context, the periodic autoregressive (PAR), the seasonal integrated models, and the Box-Jenkins (SARIMA) models were used as the primary nominates for the forecasting model. It was shown that the PAR (q) model could not be considered as an appropri...

Poly (ADP ribose) (PAR) formation catalyzed by PAR polymerase 1 in response to genotoxic stress mediates cell death due to necrosis and apoptosis. PAR glycohydrolase (PARG) has been thought to be the only enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of PAR in vivo. However, we show an alternative PAR-degradation pathway, resulting from action of ADP ribosyl-acceptor hydrolase (ARH) 3. PARG and ARH3, actin...

Establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote requires two different processes: mechanical activity of the actin-myosin cortex and biochemical activity of partitioning-defective (PAR) proteins. Here we analyze how PARs regulate the behavior of the cortical motor protein nonmuscle myosin (NMY-2) to complement recent efforts that investigate how PARs regulate t...

BACKGROUND Population attributable risk percent (PAR%) is an epidemiological tool that provides an estimate of the percent reduction in total disease burden if that disease could be entirely eliminated among a subpopulation. As such, PAR% is used to efficiently target prevention interventions. Due to significant limitations in current Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) prevention practices a...

OBJECTIVE Diabetes is associated with vascular remodeling and increased thrombin generation. Thrombin promotes vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) mitogenesis and migration via protease-activated receptors (PAR)-1, PAR-3, and PAR-4. We investigated the effect of high glucose on expression and function of vascular thrombin receptors. METHODS AND RESULTS In human vascular SMCs, high glucose (25 v...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The effects of oxidative stress on the vascular responsiveness to the agonists of proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) were investigated. METHODS Serum-free incubation was utilized to impose oxidative stress to isolated rat aortas. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated as a model of in vivo oxidative stress. RESULTS Thrombin, trypsin, PAR₁-activating pepti...

Myosin phosphatase (MP) is a key regulator of myosin light chain (LC20) phosphorylation, a process essential for motility, apoptosis, and smooth muscle contractility. Although MP inhibition is well studied, little is known about MP activation. We have recently demonstrated that prostate apoptosis response (Par)-4 modulates vascular smooth muscle contractility. Here, we test the hypothesis that ...

The evolutionarily conserved Par-3/Par-6/aPKC complex is essential for the establishment and maintenance of polarity of a wide range of cells. Both Par-3 and Par-6 are PDZ domain containing scaffold proteins capable of binding to polarity regulatory proteins. In addition to three PDZ domains, Par-3 also contains a conserved N-terminal oligomerization domain (NTD) that is essential for proper su...