For the first time, a traditional radioactive nickel (63Ni) beta emission ionization source for ion mobility spectrometry was employed with an atmospheric pressure ion mobility orthogonal reflector time-of-flight mass spectrometer (IM(tof)MS) to detect a chemical warfare agent (CWA) simulant from aerosol samples. Aerosol-phase sampling employed a quartz cyclonic chamber for sample introduction....

The main problem with fractal image compression is that it takes a lot of computational time for searching blocks (domain block and range block) and then compares these blocks. There are many optimization techniques which are used to improve efficiency of fractal image compression. Some of these are particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization and biogeography based optimization. In thi...

This paper contributes the analysis of the persistence of innovation activities, as measured by total factor productivity (TFP) and explores its internal and external determinants stressing its path dependent characteristics. The external conditions, namely the quality of local knowledge pools and the strength of the Schumpeterian rivalry, together with the internal conditions, that is the actu...

Bringing semantics to Web Services description and matching remarkably improves the recall and precision ratios of Service discovery. Though there are many effective semantic based Web Services matchmakers, they have poor time efficiency for consuming time in the semantic reasoning step. To shorten service matching time, this paper presents a fast matchmaker for OWL-S services, called XServices...

Performing some special tasks using electrooculography (EOG) in daily activities is being developed in various areas. In this paper, simple rotation matrixes were introduced to help the operator move a 2-DoF planar robot manipulator. The EOG sensor, NF 5201, has two output channels (Ch1 and Ch2), as well as one ground channel and one reference channel. The robot movement was the indicator that ...