This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of audiovisual as media improve junior high school students in listening skill. Based on data and information that are all taken from previous studies, it revealed students’ average score were still low. Therefore, order help their skill, is a which gave good effect using library method concerned how use can skill based studies theories experts. T...

Introduction. Uncertainty is understood as an important component of the information seeking process, but it has not been explored as a component of reference and information service. Method. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to examine the practitioner perspective of reference and information service for eight academic research librarians in the United States. Analysis. Data we...

Much of NLP tries to map structured input (sentences) to some form of structured output (tag sequences, parse trees, semantic graphs, or translated/paraphrased/compressed sentences). Thus structured prediction and its learning algorithm are of central importance to us NLP researchers. However, when applying machine learning to structured domains, we often face scalability issues for two reasons:

We present a method for improving machine translation (MT) evaluation by targeted paraphrasing of reference sentences. For this purpose, we employ MT systems themselves and adapt them for translating within a single language. We describe this attempt on two types of MT systems – phrase-based and rule-based. Initially, we experiment with the freely available SMT system Moses. We create translati...

The evaluation of information systems, and health information systems in particular, is recognised as a complex and challenging activity. There is no agreement on a ‘best way’ to evaluate, on what and how to evaluate, who to involve and within what paradigm to proceed. This paper argues that evaluation is a situated activity that requires a more interpretative approach, broadly based on hermene...

abstract: lexical interpretation is a method that guides interpreter to study words and vocabulary of quran from different perspectives and in his interpretative understandings of quran's terms refers mainly to various definitions of a word, their roots and the compositions of the sentences. there is no doubt that the holy prophet, based on divine tradition, didn’t invent a new method to e...

Use of interpretative structural modeling (ISM) is inspired by the versatility displayed by this method, as reported by researchers, across a wide spectrum of economic and competitive complexities affecting businesses. The aim of this paper is to develop and analyze the relationship among the identified various functional /technical objectives (criteria's) of assembly line balancing proble...