In this article, thermal stability of beams made of functionally graded material (FGM) is considered. The derivations of equations are based on the one-dimensional theory of elasticity. The material properties vary continuously through the thickness direction. Tanigawa's model for the variation of Poisson's ratio, the modulus of shear stress, and the coefcient of thermal expansion is considered...

Background: From the beginning of its initial appearance until mid-2021,Corona Virus Disease-19 (Covid-19) is a feared outbreak around world, including in Indonesia and particularly Madura. The negative perception stress will further weaken self-strength both physically mentally so that resilience coping mechanisms tend to be maladaptive.Purpose: This study aimed analyze spiritual culture Madur...

...................................................................................iii LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................iv INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 Scope and Motivation................................................................1 Basic D...