Party identification became rapidly one of the most used concepts in empirical election studies since its first emergence in the 1950’s. Although negative party identification is part of the original concept by Campbell et al. (1960), it has been rarely analyzed in empirical studies as the mainstream of party identification research concentrates on positive party identification. As negative par...

► We examine the influence of appearance-based cues on judgments of party affiliation. ► We find that facial cues associated with political party affiliation are sex-typed. ► Female Republicans are significantly more sex-typical than female Democrats. ► Accuracy of party judgments varies by sex-typicality and politician party. ► Facial sex-typicality mediates the influence of politician sex and...

Introduction: Penetration injury to the neck constitutes 5–10% of all trauma cases. Penetration of a foreign body into the trachea with subsequent impaction into the tracheoesophageal party wall is extremely rare. We present a patient with an unusual penetrating injury of the neck caused by a metallic foreign body embedded into the tracheoesophageal party wall, and its management.   Case Repor...

In this paper we define a property for multi-party protocols called exclusion-freeness. In multi-party protocols respecting the strongest definition of this property, participants are sure that they will not be excluded from a protocol’s execution and, consequently, they do not have to trust each other any more. We study this property on a wellknown multi-party fair exchange protocol with an on...

BACKGROUND CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield of Maryland implemented a voluntary patient-centered medical home (PCMH) program in 2011 that did not require formal certification to participate. This study assessed attitudes and awareness of PCMH programs among participating providers in Maryland and Northern Virginia. METHODS This qualitative study used information from 13 focus groups. In additio...

The human resource factor is an element that must be considered by the organization or company. Political parties are present in society with aim of seeking and maintaining power order to realize program. purpose this study was obtain overview electability Nasdem party DKI Jakarta terms capability evaluation, analyze candidates for DPRD members. Jakarta, NasDem Party. research method used descr...

This paper proposes a model that takes the dynamic agent-based analysis of policy-driven party competition into a multiparty environment. In this, voters continually review party support and switch parties to increase their expectations; parties continually readapt policy positions to the shifting affiliations of voters. Different algorithms for party adaptation are explored, including “Aggrega...

Are men and women legislators equally loyal to their parties? We theorize that parties select candidates based on gendered criteria, leading the (s)election of more disciplined women. Moreover, we argue expectations about proper behavior limit legislators’ ability act independently from parties. Using surveys over 800 parliamentarians across 17 African legislatures, find report significantly hi...