This paper introduces L2F’s (INESC-ID) question/answering system and presents its results in the QA@CLEF07 evaluation task. QA@LF bases its performance on a high-quality deep linguistic analysis of the question, which is strongly based on named entity recognition. However, if a precise analysis is not possible or if no answer is found in previous processed data, the system is also capable of re...

This report describes the work done by the QA group of the Language Technology Lab at DFKI, for the 2004 edition of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF). Based on the experience we obtained through our participation at QA@Clef-2003 with our initial cross-lingual QA prototype system BiQue (cf. [NS03]), the focus of the system extension for this year’s task was a) on robust NL question inte...

A Question Answering (QA) system must provide concise answers from large collections of documents to questions stated by the user in natural language. However, although many QA systems for open domain exist, its adaptation for restricted domains (such as those of healthcare, agri culture, transportation, or science) is a far from trivial task. The principal problem is that domain experts ask mo...

We extend existing question answering (QA) system to deal with words that are unseen or do not have enough examples during training. Instead of learning word embedding from scratch for a specific QA dataset, we decompose the embedding into two components: The first captures the general semantic meaning of a word and can be trained using readily available large corpuses. The second component rew...

Open domain question answering (QA) systems have to bridge the potential vocabulary mismatch between a question and its candidate answers. One can view this as a recall problem and address it accordingly. Recall oriented strategies to QA may generate considerable amounts of noise. To combat this, many open domain QA systems contain an explicit filtering or re-ranking component, which often chec...

Review, process audit, and testing are three main Quality Assurance activities during the software development life cycle. They complement each other to examine work products for defects and improvement opportunities to the largest extent. Understanding the effort distribution and inter-correlation among them will facilitate software organization project planning, improve the software quality w...

Abstract Quality assuranceand quality control(QA/QC) are important components of every study. In this chapter, we give an overview QA/QC specific for tree-ring stable-isotope analysis from the perspective entire research project, rather than operation Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometers (IRMS). We address how users stable isotope data can quantify their reporting in publications by calculating acc...

background: the aim of this study is to evaluate the geometry of the distal femur and the proximal tibia in the osteoarthritic knee using 3d reconstructive ct scan imaging. methods: 449 patients with knee osteoarthritis were treated surgically in our center with patient-specific technology total knee arthroplasty. preoperatively, all the patients underwent a ct scan according to a standard prot...

Quality assurance (QA) systems for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) have become standard tools in modern clinical medical physics departments. However, because formalized industry standards or recommendations from professional societies have yet to be defined, methods of IMRT QA analysis vary from institution to institution. Understanding where matters stand today is an important st...