Fish behaviour can change to accommodate a variable environment, but changes in behaviour have not been considered in the context of density-dependent habitat use. In Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland, we measured how fish density movement and schooling behaviour changed with habitat in 2 gadids, Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and Greenland cod Gadus ogac, using a combination of field-seines, mark–recaptu...

The Cone of Direct Gaze (CoD) is described as the range of eye gaze deviations over which an observer reports gaze as being directed towards them. The CoD has been found to narrow with age across childhood (Mareschal et al. 2016). We investigated whether reinforcement learning, so critical in shaping eye gaze responses in infancy, was able to account for the emergence of a CoD and its narrowing...

Cod, harp seal and minke whale are the main top predators in the Barents Sea ecosystem. In the last decade, the abundance of cod has increased considerably, and is at a record high level. In spite of this, the growth and condition of cod has remained rather stable, although some decrease is seen in size at age of large, mature cod. During the same period, the abundance of harp seals has decline...

Objectives: This project explores the demographic and clinical presentation of cementoosseous dysplasia (COD), and their pathognomonic radiographic features. Methods: Demographic and clinical data were collected from the charts of 118 subjects with COD from the Oral Radiology archives. Using a systematic objective survey instrument, 3 general dentists (GP) and 3 oral radiologists (RG) reviewed ...

Rhodium(I) complexes of the hybrid ylide-phosphine ligands, Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2(CHC(O)C6H5) (n = 1: dppm-yl, or 2: dppe-yl) have been synthesised from [Rh(μ-Cl)(COD)]2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and characterized by NMR spectroscopic and X-ray structural methods. The dppe-yl behaves as an ambidentate ligand; it functions as a monodentate P-donor ligand with a dangling ylidic carbon in the neutral ch...

The influences of chondroitin sulfate C (C6S) on size, aggregation, sedimentation, and Zeta potential of sub-micron calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystallites with mean sizes of about 330 nm were investigated using an X-ray diffractometer, nanoparticle size Zeta potential analyzer, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope, after whi...

The treatment of bleach effluent from pulp and paper Industry for COD, colour and AOX removal was investigated using Ultra violet/Hydrogen peroxide process photocatalysed by Titanium dioxide. The Ultra violet / Titanium dioxide process was able to remove 48% and 37% of COD and colour. The Ultra violet / Hydrogen peroxide process was able to remove 52% and 59% of COD and colour. The combined pro...

Many industries are charged fees based on the organic loads in effluents. Therefore, it can be advantageous to reduce the wastewater strength prior to discharge. We investigated the use of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of a paper-plant wastewater while at the same time producing electricity in a continuous flow system. At a hydraulic retention time (HRT)...

A previous study has reported that Atlantic cod can be conditioned to detect ultrasonic sound pulses of high intensity. This capability has been proposed as a mean for detection and avoidance of echolocating toothed whales that emit intense ultrasonic clicks. In this study, we use acoustic playbacks to test the hypotheses that unconditioned cod can detect and respond to intense ultrasound from ...