BACKGROUND Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) can translate the neuronal activity underlying a user's movement intention into movements of an artificial effector. In spite of continuous improvements, errors in movement decoding are still a major problem of current BMI systems. If the difference between the decoded and intended movements becomes noticeable, it may lead to an execution error. Outcom...

The formation of a brain abscess as a result of a cerebrospinal fluid shunt complication is extremely rare in the literature with only 7 cases reported in the last 20 years. We report a patient that developed a brain abscess adjacent to a functioning ventricular catheter in the presence of shunt infection by another pathogen. Clinicians should consider this complication in any shunted patient w...

2006;82:2247-2253 Ann Thorac Surg William Greeley, David F. Wilson and Anna Pastuszko Tatiana Zaitseva, Steven Schultz, Gregory Schears, Peter Pastuszko, Scott Markowitz, Regulation of Brain Cell Death and Survival After Cardiopulmonary Bypass http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/82/6/2247 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated informa...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii is the most common parasite causing latent cerebral infections in human. It has been shown that some anti-psychotic drugs are able to inhibit the proliferation of the parasite in in vitro study. There is very limited data regarding the inhibitory effect of anti-psychotics on Toxoplasma in in vivo. In this study, we evaluated anti-Toxoplasma activity of fluphenazine ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is increasingly used to enhance the recovery of function after stroke. The purpose of this review is to highlight and discuss some unresolved questions that need to be addressed to better understand and exploit the potential of NIBS as a therapeutic tool. RECENT FINDINGS Recent meta-analyses showed that the treatment effects of NIBS in pa...

Investigations on the relationship between sepsis, brain dysfunction, and cerebral perfusion are methodologically very difficult to perform. It is important to interpret the results of such studies in view of our limited ability to diagnose and quantify brain dysfunction and to consider our limited understanding of the mechanisms that lead to or are associated with brain dysfunction in sepsis.

Recent results from anatomical, physiological and imaging experiments cast doubt on the existence of some areas in the primate visual brain and call for a much overdue re-assessment of what is a conceptually highly unsatisfactory view of how the primate visual brain is organized, a view that has survived more or less unscathed for at least 15 years and has been embraced uncritically by a signif...

We report the development of an international registry for Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA), in the context of TIRCON (Treat Iron-Related Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration), an EU-FP7 - funded project. This registry aims to combine scattered resources, integrate clinical and scientific knowledge, and generate a rich source for future research studies. This paper describes t...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of serum ACTH and Thyroid hormone level in the acute phase of ICH. METHODS Sixty patients with spontaneous ICH were assessed regarding hormonal changes by measuring ACTH and Thyroid hormone level. The relationships of hormone concentrations to clinical and radiological parameters were evaluated at hospital admission (t0), 5...

Childhood traumatic brain injury (CTBI) is one of the most common causes of impairment in children and adolescents, with psychosocial difficulties found to be the most persisting. Given that the transition into adolescence and adulthood can be a stressful period, it is likely that young people who have sustained a CTBI will be more vulnerable to developing psychosocial problems. To date, most r...