We have compared the performance of two different penalty choices for a penalized-likelihood sinogram-restoration strategy we have been developing. One is a quadratic penalty we have employed previously and the other is a new median-based penalty. We compared the approaches to a noniterative adaptive filter that loosely but not explicitly models data statistics. We found that the two approaches...

This paper presents a new weighted entropy-based measure for assessing reliability of water distribution networks. The proposed methodology considers both of mechanical uncertainties (probability of pipe failure) and uncertainties due to hydraulic parameters (flow in pipe) simultaneously. In this methodology a penalty function is defined for different links of the network based on their probabi...

For constrained nonsmooth optimization problems, continuously diierentiable penalty functions and barrier functions are given. They are proved exact in the sense that under some nondegeneracy assumption, local optimizers of a nonlinear program are also optimizers of the associated penalty or barrier function. This is achieved by augmenting the dimension of the program by a variable that control...

Augmented Lagrangian methods are effective tools for solving large-scale nonlinear programming problems. At each outer iteration a minimization subproblem with simple constraints, whose objective function depends on updated Lagrange multipliers and penalty parameters, is approximately solved. When the penalty parameter becomes very large the subproblem is difficult, therefore the effectiveness ...

this paper proposes per unit coding for combined economic emission load dispatch problem. in the proposed coding, it is possible to apply the percent effects of elements in any number and with high accuracy in objective function. in the proposed per unit coding, each function is transformed into per unit form based on its own maximum value and has a value from 0 to 1. in this paper, particle sw...

This paper deals with the Hessian matrices of penalty functions, evaluated at their minimizing point. It is concerned with the condition number of these matrices for small values of a controlling parameter. At the end of the paper a comparison is made between different types of penalty functions on the grounds of the results obtained. 1. Classification of penalty-function techniques Throughout ...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase ambiguity resolution is the process of resolving the carrier phase ambiguities as integers. It is the key to fast and high precision GNSS positioning and it applies to a great variety of GNSS models which are currently in use in navigation, surveying, geodesy and geophysics. A new principle of carrier phase ambiguity resolution is introduc...

When solving constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) with stochastic search algorithms (SSAs) using the standard penalty function, it is not possible to show that there is no solution for a problem instance. In this paper we present a hybrid function that can be generally used in conjunction with SSAs to prove unsolvability without changing the search algorithms drastically. We use eight state-...

In this paper, a new objective penalty function approach is proposed for solving minimax programming problems with equality and inequality constraints. This new objective penalty function combines the objective penalty and constraint penalty. By the new objective penalty function, a constrained minimax problem is converted to minimizations of a sequence of continuously differentiable functions ...