exergy analysis of a system is a method for recognizing the value and type of system availability against surrounding environment. it also helps to find how macroscopic properties of the system change during a process. this analysis is based on first and second laws of thermodynamics. by exergy analysis proportion of each process in the internal availability transmission and the places of usefu...

Hybrid silicon/polymer solar cells promise to be an economically feasible alternative energy solution for various applications if ultrathin flexible crystalline silicon (c-Si) substrates are used. However, utilization of ultrathin c-Si encounters problems in light harvesting and electronic losses at surfaces, which severely degrade the performance of solar cells. Here, we developed a metal-assi...

BACKGROUND Although losses are important consequences of disasters, few epidemiological studies of disasters have assessed complicated grief (CG) and none assessed CG associated with losses other than death of loved one. METHODS Data come from the baseline survey of the Hurricane Katrina Community Advisory Group, a representative sample of 3,088 residents of the areas directly affected by Hur...

this study was done to evaluate the effects of harvest time on some factor of ‘ahmadaqaie’ pistachio nuts in rafsanjan. in three consecutive years (2009-2012) during three stages of friut ripening (40, 70 and 100 percent of hulling), fruit was harvested and physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. the experiments were conducted as randomized complete block design with compound an...

the objective of this study was to consider economic consequence of delayed conception of milking cows in large dairy farms in iran. optimum open days and milk production at peak were assumed to be 110 days and 45 kg respectively. price of milk, feed, semen and hormones were calculated based on average prices of autumn, 2013. results of this study showed that increasing days in milk (dim) from ...

In a thermophotonic device used in an energy-harvesting configuration, hot light-emitting diode (LED) is coupled to photovoltaic (PV) cell by means of electroluminescent radiation order produce electrical power. Using fluctuational electrodynamics and the drift-diffusion equations, we optimise made AlGaAs PIN LED GaAs PV with matched bandgaps. We find that can work as efficient heat pump only n...