Aerification and topdressing are important cultural management practices that help prevent organic matter accumulation soil compaction in golf greens. However, these result surface disruption decreased putting quality during recovery. A 2-year study was conducted on a ‘TifEagle’ hybrid bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis ) green to determine the effect of different aerification ...

the majority of iran’s area is covered by arid and semiarid climates. in these areas, wind causes more erosion compared to water. therefore, determination of wind characteristics especially its velocity is very important. one of the simplest methods that can supply researchers with the origin of wind erosion in the shortest time is synthesizing sand rose model and interpretation of aerial photo...

introduction dominant process in arid and semi-arid region is dynamic of wind that carries the sand and caused damage to several facilities and human settlements. there are many human settlements with low population and mostly small and scattered in different parts of foothills of dasht-e lut (lut desert), especially in mountainous margins of alluvial fans. residential and cultivation area of t...

The majority of Iran’s area is covered by arid and semiarid climates. In these areas, wind causes more erosion compared to water. Therefore, determination of wind characteristics especially its velocity is very important. One of the simplest methods that can supply researchers with the origin of wind erosion in the shortest time is synthesizing sand rose model and interpretation of aerial photo...

this study was performed in order to investigate the changes in vegetation and soil properties in compartment no.317 (managed forest) and no.318 (control forest) of jamand district of golband forest in mazandaran (noshahr). for this purpose, random-systematic sampling method with regular grid of 100×200 m was used to locate samples. the plot size was 400 m2 considering to tree and shrub species...

in order to investigate some silvicultural and soil physico-chemical characteristics of christ's thorn (ziziphus spina christi l. desf.) natural stands, ten natural stands of the tree species which have similar climate and aspects were selected and altitude from sea level (asl), the thickest sprout collar diameter (tscd) and total tree height (th) of the tree species were measured in 1000 ...

From 1995 to 1998, more than 90 percent of mid-range IPOs were charged underwriter fees, or spreads, of exactly seven percent, even though evidence suggests that economies of scale in the size of the offering should allow for lower fees. Chen and Ritter (2000) offer collusion as a possible explanation based on empirical analysis and observation. Alternatively, we investigate whether the spreads...

Saltation is an important geological process and the primary source of atmospheric mineral dust aerosols. Unfortunately, no studies to date have been able to precisely reproduce the saltation process because of the simplified theoretical models used. For example, sand particles in most of the existing wind sand movement models are considered to be spherical, the effects of the sand shape on the...

With many years of construction and application of common concrete, researchers have always been searching for a better composition. One of the notable ideas for achieving such a composition is using recycled materials. One of the materials which is suitable for environment and constant development is damaged tires .For studying mechanical properties of concrete containing tire particles, a ser...

considering its gobiidea and feeding fish sturgeon caspian sea highest main and the need to fecundity this fish, this study was done in babolroud and tajan rivers in mazandaran. in order to conduct the study, 197 sand goby we were caught using an electros choker machine (v300-200) in the spring of 1390 ,which was the spawning season, at the tajan river (sari) and babolrood (babol). 103 fish whi...