The purpose of this article is to present the surgical removal of a broken endodontic file from the periapical region of the distal root of a mandibular first molar. The methods of diagnosis and measurement of the distance of the instrument to the adjacent vital structures in the periapical region was done with simple means and in an economical manner.

Root canal samples, taken from periapical tissue exudates during routine root canal treatment procedures, were processed for identification of tumor necrosis factor using a mouse anti-human monoclonal antibody and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Detectable levels of tumor necrosis factor were identified in periapical tissue exudates in chronic apical periodontitis.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the role of gene variations of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 3, and 4 on genetic susceptibility to periapical pathosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred patients were included in the study and divided into two groups as follows; Control Group (n=50) that have root canal treatment and no periapical lesion, Patient Group (n=50) that have root c...

AIM To determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis and assess the quality of endodontic fillings in the population of the city of Zagreb, Croatia. METHODS A total of 1462 orthopantomograms from new patients at 6 different dental practices was analyzed during 2006 and 2007. The presence of periapical lesions was determined by using the periapical index score (PAI). The quality of endodont...

BACKGROUND To determine the prevalence of periapical lesions in root canal-treated teeth in a rural, male adult, Turkish population and to investigate the influence of the quality of root canal fillings on prevalence of periapical lesions. METHODS The sample for this cross-sectional study consisted of 552 adult male patients, 18-32 years of age, presenting consecutively as new patients seekin...

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the presence and extension of cementum and dentin resorption in apexes containing different periapical pathosis. Material and method: 31 teeth were selected for the presence of a proliferative tissue compatible with a periapical pathology. Sections were conducted in periapical lesions which were then dyed by the HE. The periapical pathosis were cl...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In periapical radiographic technique, the changes will be visible only after considerable deposi-tion or resorption while digital subtraction technique visualizes slight density changes. This study was aimed to compare visualization of density changes in conventional periapical radiographs and digital subtraction technique with or without image enhancement. MATERIALS AND M...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new periapical index based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for identification of apical periodontitis (AP). The periapical index proposed in this study (CBCTPAI) was developed on the basis of criteria established from measurements corresponding to periapical radiolucency interpreted on CBCT scans. Radiolucent images suggestive of periapical le...