نتایج جستجو برای: perineal hypospadias
تعداد نتایج: 5890 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Objective: To evaluate a potential increase in the number of hypospadias cases after in utero exposure to zidovudine (ZDV) reported to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR), a prospective cohort study of antiretroviral-exposed pregnancies. Methods: The rate of hypospadias in male infants following first trimester exposure to ZDV-containing regimens was compared to three internal unexposed...
Congenital anomalies frequently occur in organs that undergo tubulogenesis. Hypospadias is a urethral tube defect defined by mislocalized, oversized, or multiple openings of the penile urethra. Deletion of Fgfr2 or its ligand Fgf10 results in severe hypospadias in mice, in which the entire urethral plate is open along the ventral side of the penis. In the genital tubercle, the embryonic precurs...
BACKGROUND Hypospadias is a common urogenital system disorder. The frenulum, which is the most sensitive area of the glans penis, is not present in patients with hypospadias. This may lead to a failure in sexual and ejaculatory function, and cause emotional problems affecting cognitive processes. AIM We aimed to study auditory Event Related Potentials (ERP) in patients with hypospadias to und...
Hypospadias is defined as an abortive development of the urethral spongiosum and ventral prepuce along with an arrest in the normal embryological correction of penile curvature (1). It is one of the most common congenital anomalies, which occurs in approximately 1 of 200 to 1 of 300 live births (1, 2). The majority of cases are distal hypospadias with an incidence of 75% (2). The main goals in ...
OBJECTIVE To evaluate prevalence trends of hypospadias in South-America it is essential to perform multicenter and multinational studies with the same methodology. Herein we present systematic data as part of an international multicenter initiative evaluating congenital malformations in South America over a 24-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted using ...
Background. Hypospadias is a part of testicular digenesis syndrome (TDS) which includes infertility, cryptorchidism, and spermatogenesis. Heavy metals act as endocrine disrupting compounds. Heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and lead have been associated with male infertility, cryptorchidism, spermatogenesis, cancer, reproductive disorder, and neurological disorder. However, it re...
Boys with undermasculinized external genital and/or 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) often receive masculinizing genitoplasty. Such procedures are done to correct ventral curvature of the phallus, reposition a proximally located urethral meatus, and cosmetically correct the appearance of labioscrotal folds. No studies to date have assessed if patients with a specific DSD diagnosis have ...
Hypospadias is a male birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis instead of the tip. Although the defect is common and increasing in prevalence (2–8 cases per 1,000 live births in Western countries), the causes of most cases are unknown. Some studies suggest that reduced levels of the placental hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) may play a ...
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have focused on the association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and hypospadias. Phenotype variability, the absence of representative comparison groups and concomitant genetic testing prevent any definitive conclusions. OBJECTIVE To identify the role of occupational and environmental exposures to EDCs in nongenetic isolated hypospadias. DESIGN, SETT...
Several epidemiological studies have suggested that the incidence of male reproductive organ malformations, including hypospadias or cryptorchidism, has increased due to fetal-stage exposure to environmental pollutants. However, the association of chemical exposure with the expression of target regulatory genes in the tissues of patients has not yet been reported. Because experimental approache...
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