Several herbal plants improve medical conditions. Such plants contain many bioactive phytochemicals. Terpenoids (also called "isoprenoids") constitute one of the largest families of natural products accounting for more than 40,000 individual compounds of both primary and secondary metabolisms. In particular, terpenoids are contained in many herbal plants, and several terpenoids have been shown ...

Welcome to this special issue of PPAR Research on " Phyto-chemicals as modulators of PPARs and RXRs. " Plants have played a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of human diseases for thousands of years. A significant number of contemporary drugs with high efficacy are derived from herbal origin. These natural phytochemicals, including certain nutrients, are therefore of great medicinal ...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) defines a wide spectrum of liver diseases that extend from simple steatosis, that is, increased hepatic lipid content, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a condition that may progress to cirrhosis with its associated complications. Nuclear hormone receptors act as intracellular lipid sensors that coordinate genetic networks regulating lipid metaboli...

We observed in human and mouse skin that exposure to C. acnes resulted greatly increased epidermal lipids as indicated by bodily staining hypothesized this microbe may regulate keratinocyte lipid metabolism. To test this, keratinocytes (NHEKs) were exposed sterile supernatant showed a dose dependent increase Oil Red O (p-value <0.001), increases of ceramides, cholesterol free fatty acids detect...

During phase II metabolism, a substrate is rendered more hydrophilic through the covalent attachment of an endogenous molecule. The cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) families of enzymes account for the majority of phase II metabolism in humans and animals. In general, phase II metabolism is considered to be a detoxication process, as sulfate and glucuronide...