BACKGROUND Dicamba is an herbicide commonly applied to crops in the United States and abroad. We evaluated cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to dicamba in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa. METHODS Detailed pesticide exposure information was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire comp...

According to the state institute for chemical and veterinary analysis of food, “Conventionally grown wine grapes are one of the crops most extensively treated with pesticides” (CVUA Stuttgart). The use of different fungicides and insecticides is commonplace in vineyards across the world to improve crop yields. Maximum residue levels (MRLs) have been established for grapes in many areas in the w...

Integrated pest management (IPM) is widely promoted as the most sensible method of sustainable control of important agricultural pests. However, IPM is not widely practiced in commercial crops where this technology could be utilized. In crops where IPM is used, the sophistication of programmes with respect to the numbers of species, types of pests, and variety of control tactics simultaneously ...

Genetically-modified (GM) varieties of crops, notably soybean, maize, rape (canola) and cotton were first grown commercially in 1996. In 2010 they occupied 148 million ha in 29 countries, mostly in the Americas and Asia but with an obvious absence in Europe where their introduction has been controversial due to concerns about environmental impairment and adverse impacts on human health. This pa...

One of the potential environmental effects of the recent rapid increase in the global agricultural area cultivated with transgenic crops is a change in soil microbially mediated processes and functions. Among the many essential functions of soil biota are soil organic matter decomposition, nutrient mineralization and immobilization, oxidation-reduction reactions, biological N fixation, and solu...

Tremendous increases in pesticide use in cotton growing areas have severely affected the health of peoples and degraded environment [Poswal and Williamson (1998); Ahmad and Poswal (2000); Orphal 2001 and Khan (2000)]. Farmer Field School (FFS) based IPM implemented in the world to reduce dependence on pesticides and promote environmentally safe plant protection practices. An FFS-led Integrated ...

Background & Aim: Aphids are of serious pests and vectors of multitude of viral diseases of field crops, vegetables, ‎and greenhouse crops. They have displayed a remarkable ability to establish resistance to ‎almost every insecticide with which it has been treated. To reduce the damage of these pests ‎and dependence on the sometimes unwise use of synthetic pesticides in crop and vegetable ‎plan...

Very little information exists in regards to the control options available for potato flea beetles, Epitrix spp. This short review covers both chemical and ecological options currently available for control of Epitrix spp. Synthetic pyrethroids are the weapon of choice for the beetles. However, the impetus in integrated pest management is to do timely (early-season) applicatio...

Abstract We aimed to quantify spray drift-based exposure of fruits and vegetables grown in gardens or allotments next agricultural areas plant protection products (PPP). The amount drift transported into during the treatment tall growing crops field was simulated. Two different test systems an outdoor wind tunnel were used, approximating conditions for application both crop types. For experimen...

Considering the importance of cotton products, timely identification pests (flying moths—being a significant threat to crops) helps protect crops and improve their production quality. This study proposes real-time detection Cotton Flying Moths (CFMs) with assistance an Internet Things (IoT)-based system in agricultural field. The proposed prototype contains group sharp infrared sensors, Zigbee-...