This study looks at the role of internal linkages in highly competitive clusters. Besides serving as a mechanism to source knowledge, we argue that strong internal linkages also represent tighter control over local innovation and higher levels of technological interdependency across locations, which allow firms to increase internalization and reduce the risk of knowledge outflow to competitors....

Although many have advocated a systems approach in road transportation, this view has not meaningfully penetrated road safety research, practice or policy. In this study, a systems theory-based approach, Rasmussens's (1997) risk management framework and associated Accimap technique, is applied to the analysis of road freight transportation crashes. Twenty-seven highway crash investigation repor...

a Kybele Consulting S.L., C/Oliva 18, 3oA, 28231 Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain b IDIS Research Group, Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering Faculty, University of Cauca, Calle 5 # 4-70, Popayán, Colombia c ALARCOS Research Group, Information Systems and Technologies Department, University of Castilla—La Mancha, Paseo de la Universidad, 4-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain d AENOR, Génova, 6-28004 Madr...

This paper provides empirical evidence on the determinants of foreign ownership in manufacturing industries. Foreign ownership, according to the theory of international production, is the result of the combination of comparative and competitive advantage. An adequate examination of the ownership structure of an industry requires the ability to establish empirically the extent to which internati...

Construction industry involves the highest risk of occupational accidents and bodily injuries, which range from mild to very severe. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the factors associated with accident severity rate (ASR) in the largest Iranian construction companies based on data about 500 occupational accidents recorded from 2009 to 2013. We also gathered data on safety ...

China’s emergence as a global economic player has been accompanied by a major internal transformation described in a new World Bank/IFC publication.** Over the past decade, the economy has made the transition from complete reliance on state-owned and collective enterprise to a mixed economy where private enterprise plays a leading role. This is an ongoing process, during which the economy will ...

1 This paper was presented at the interdisciplinary conference “Race and Human Variation: Setting an Agenda for Future Research and Education,” sponsored by the American Anthropological Association (AAA) and funded by the Ford Foundation. The conference, an activity of AAA’s public education project Understanding Race and Human Variation funded by the National Science Foundation and the Ford Fo...

This study examines the pre-announcement performance of Canadian takeover targets and measures the relation between performance and the turnover rate of target firm top managers (Chief Executive Officers or Presidents) following the announcements. We find negative correlation between pre-announcement performance and the turnover rate. We find that the pre-announcement performance of targets tha...

As Dr. Joel Lexchin makes painfully obvious in this issue (see pages 351 to 356), regulatory processes governing pharmaceutical advertising in Canada and elsewhere are seriously compromised. However, the remedial measures Lexchin proposes are not sufficient. Financial sanctions against improper advertising are likely to be regarded by manufacturers as the cost of doing business, and any regulat...

The conventional wisdom is that indirect network effects, unlike direct network effects, do not give rise to externalities. In this paper we show that under very general conditions, indirect network effects lead to adoption externalities. In particular we show that in markets where consumption benefits arise from hardware/software systems, adoption externalities will occur when there are (i) in...