Here, we review the molecular mechanism and pharmacokinetics of flavonoids in treatment resistant EGF receptor (EGFR)‐mutated non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) particularly possible mechanism(s) delicaflavone, a biflavonoid extracted from S elaginella doederleinii Hieron . EGFR TK inhibitors (EGFR‐TKI) are ubiquitously used NSCLC bearing mutations. However, patients treated with EGFR‐TKI inevi...

Two open-label, single-dose, parallel-group studies were conducted to characterize the pharmacokinetics of the novel antibacterial tedizolid and the safety of tedizolid phosphate, its prodrug, in renally or hepatically impaired subjects. Tedizolid pharmacokinetics in subjects with severe renal impairment without dialysis support was compared with that of matched control subjects with normal ren...

The residual tumor after surgery is the most significant prognostic factor of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-guided actively utilized for localization and complete resection during surgery. However, currently available contrast-enhancing agents display low on-target binding, unfavorable pharmacokinetics, toxicity, thus not ideal clinical use. Here we r...

Cancer treatment is becoming more and more individually based as a result of the large inter-individual differences that exist in treatment outcome and toxicity when patients are treated using population-based drug doses. Polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters can significantly influence uptake, metabolism, and elimination of anticancer drugs. As a result, th...

Remifentanil is a synthetic opioid with ultrafast elimination. Its pharmacokinetics after a one-minute infusion in children (age range 5 days 17 years) have been described by Kinder Ross et al. using modelindependent analysis [1]. The first objective of the present study was to obtain a compartmental model of remifentanil pharmacokinetics with the possible inclusion of covariates age and weight.

Immunosuppressants require therapeutic drug monitoring because of their narrow therapeutic index and significant inter-individual variability in blood concentrations. This variability can be because of factors like drug-nutrient interactions, drug-disease interactions, renal-insufficiency, inflammation and infection, gender, age, polymorphism and liver mass. Drug monitoring is widely practiced ...

Amikacin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside. Aminoglycosides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. The antibacterial spectrum of amikacin is the broadest of aminoglycosides. Because of its resistance to many of the aminoglycosides-inactivating enzymes, it has a special role in hospitals where gentamicin- and tobramycin-resistant microorganisms are prevalent. Amikacin is active against the majority...

Gentamicin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, it inhibits the protein synthesis. Gentamicin is active against the majority of aerobic gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli. The gentamicin doses are 3 mg/kg once-daily for preterm newborns < 35 weeks of gestation and 4 mg/kg once-daily for newborns > 35 weeks of gestation. The monitoring of gentamici...

this study was designed to evaluate pharmacokinetics of sulphadimidine   in cockerels fed on subclinical dose of arsenic (100 ppm) in diet and to determine the protective efficacy following simultaneous dietary medication with piper longum (pipli)   (100 ppm) in a 12-week feeding trial. pharmacokinetic parameters were determined after single i.v. dose (50 mg/kg) of sulphadimidine in cockerels i...

BACKGROUND The pharmacokinetics of methadone is altered during pregnancy, but the most appropriate dosing and monitoring regimen has yet to be identified. OBJECTIVE To review dosing and monitoring of methadone therapy in pregnancy. METHODS A literature search was performed in several databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and the Cochrane Database of Sys...