Physiological, pathological and pharmacological alterations in energetic substrate metabolism have been known to contribute to effective functioning of an organ. Hence, pharmacological interventions have been shown to improve clinical symptoms of certain pathologies, such as ischemic heart disease. In order to manipulate metabolism, however, one has to be able to correctly measure and know the ...

Background Myocardial CT perfusion is a relatively new technique which enables the assessment of perfusion deficits through first pass imaging in combination with pharmacological stress. Comparison of CT and MR perfusion has been limited and in-vivo assessment is affected by physiological variability, acquisition timing during firstpass contrast perfusion and parameter selection. We utilized a ...

This article describes the procedure of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt implantation in an English bulldog with laparoscopy-assisted placement of the peritoneal catheter in the abdominal cavity. Prior to surgery, the patient was subjected to physical and neurological examinations involving a complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry profiling, EEG and MRI. This case report also describes the patient...

Aortocoronary bypass or valve surgery usually require cardiac arrest using cardioplegic solutions. Although, in principle, in a number of cases beating heart surgery (so-called off-pump technique) is possible, aortic or valve surgery or correction of congenital heart diseases mostly require cardiopulmonary arrest. During this condition, the heart-lung machine also named cardiopulmonary bypass (...

To correlate the pharmacological effects of the fixed herbal combination STW 5 (Iberogast) containing nine extract components with its confirmed clinical efficacy, ex vivo/in vitro absorption tests were performed. For the investigation, the everted gut sac technique and, in a pilot study, the Caco-2-cell model were used. The absorption rate of the extracts was determined by measuring characteri...

Persistent and intractable hiccups (with respective durations of more than 48 hours and 1 month) can result in depression, fatigue, impaired sleep, dehydration, weight loss, malnutrition, and aspiration syndromes. The conventional treatments for hiccups are either non-pharmacological, pharmacological or a nerve block treatment. Pulsed radiofrequency lesioning (PRFL) has been proposed for the mo...

The whole planet is facing one of the scariest pandemic situations in this era. On 11th February, 2020 the World Health Organization announced the name of an unknown disease as COVID-19, which is caused by the ssRNA virus SARS-CoV-2 (formally recognized as a sister of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV). The epicenter of this disease is Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19 can affect all age groups but pa...