best conceptual frameworks and most practical clinical approaches in integrative medicine reflects important unresolved philosophical problems about the nature of health and illness. It is only through the analysis of philosophical problems related to observation, evidence, and causality in medicine that development of a rigorous methodology for clinical integrative medicine will evolve. This 4...

This paper summarizes the concept of subjective well-being, from ancient philosophical reflection to the first psychological, empirical research on the construct of positive psychology. The author examined the different conceptual definitions of subjective well-being throughout history as well as the dominant themes in the philosophical theories, concluded with some contemporary philosophical t...

Dretske, F. 1970. Epistemic operators. Journal of Philosophy 67: 1007–23. Dretske, F. 1981. The pragmatic dimension of knowledge. Philosophical Studies 40: 363–78. Lewis, D. 1979. Scorekeeping in a language game. Journal of Philosophical Logic 8: 339–59. Lewis, D. 1996. Elusive knowledge. Australasian Journal of Philosophy 74: 549–67. Stine, G. C. 1976. Skepticism, relevant alternatives, and de...

A conspicuous difference between ‘traditional’ philosophy of science and ‘traditional’ philosophy of mathematics concerns the relative importance of the notion of explanation. Explanation has long featured centrally in debates in the philosophy of science, for at least two reasons. Firstly, explanation has been viewed as playing an important role in the methodology of science, due principally t...