The tagatose 6-phosphate pathway gene cluster (lacABCD) encoding galactose-6-phosphate isomerase, tagatose-6-phosphate kinase, and tagatose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MG1820 has been characterized by cloning, nucleotide sequence analysis, and enzyme assays. Transcription studies showed that the four tagatose 6-phosphate pathway genes are the first genes of the ...

The galactolipids, mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), are the most common nonphosphorous lipids in the biosphere and account for 80% of the membrane lipids found in green plant tissues. These lipids are major constituents of photosynthetic membranes (thylakoids), and a large body of evidence suggests that galactolipids are associated primarily with plastid membranes in seed plants. A ...

Phosphate-rock or more precisely the phosphorites form the repository of phosphate supply for the fertilizer industry for manufacture of elemental phosphorus, phosphoric acid and innumerable alkali phosphates. It has now been universally agreed that phosphorites have some kind of sedimentary marine origin, the source of phosphorous being of organic and/or inorganic origin (1). The principal pho...

The oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (delta18Op) in many aquatic ecosystems is not in isotopic equilibrium with ambient water and, therefore, may reflect the source delta18Op. Identification of phosphate sources to water bodies is critical for designing best management practices for phosphate load reduction to control eutrophication. In order for delta18Op to be a us...

63 Introduction Bone defects attributed to serious periodontitis, trauma, and injury are commonly encountered in the fields of dentistry, craniofacial surgery, and orthopedics. Although autogenous bone grafting is still considered the gold standard for treatment, this process has several drawbacks, such as the requirement of a second surgery and the limited availability of collectable bone [1]....

Our present knowledge of carbohydrate metabolism requires that glucose must first be phosphorylated before undergoing further metabolism. Once phosphorylated to glucoseS-phosphate, at least four pathways of metabolism are available. Glucose-6-phosphate may be (1) converted to glucosel-phosphate, from which glycogen and other polysaccharides arise, (2) hydrolyzed to glucose and inorganic phospha...

Abstract Plasma‐treated water solutions (PTWS) allow the delivery of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) to cells tissues for different purposes. The mechanism RONS formation has been clearly modelled in simple liquids like water, by assuming a plasma‐driven process independent from liquid. PTWS biological experiments, however, are often produced complex composition, where is far being ...

In this paper, we investigate the effect of substituting SrO for CaO in silicate and phosphate bioactive glasses on the human gingival fibroblast activity. In both materials the presence of SrO led to the formation of a CaP layer with partial Sr substitution for Ca. The layer at the surface of the silicate glass consisted of HAP whereas at the phosphate glasses it was close to the DCPD composit...

Productivity in P limited peatlands is regulated in part by the turnover of organic phosphates, which is influenced by the chemical nature of the compounds involved. We used solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantify organic and inorganic phosphates in benthic floc (a mixture of plant detritus and algae) and underlying soil from sites along P gradients in hard water ...

Cells tightly regulate trafficking of intracellular organelles, but a deeper understanding of this process is technically limited by our inability to track the molecular composition of individual organelles below the diffraction limit in size. Here we develop a technique for intracellularly calibrated superresolution microscopy that can measure the size of individual organelles as well as accur...