A new molybdenum porphycene complex, which is a new complex having oxo and chloro groups at the axial positions, was successfully synthesized. This chloro(oxo)molybdenum(v) complex, [Mo(V)(OEPc)(O)Cl] (1) has strong absorption bands in the visible region attributed to the properties of the porphycene and is very attractive from a photochemical viewpoint. This complex was readily reduced from Mo...

A quantum yield of •i•e = 2.3 x 10 '4 (+_ 4 X 10 -•) was determined for the photochemical degradation of 4nitrophenol over the wavelength range of 300 to 370 nm in ice pellets (pH 5.6). Five reaction products were identified: hydroquinone, benzoquinone, 4-nitrosophenol, nitrate, nitrite, and the likely formation of organic polymers. The similarities of these results to the observations from 4-n...

The inter-comparison of regional air quality models is an effective way to understand uncertainty in ambient pollutant concentrations simulated using various model configurations, as well as to find ways to improve model performance. Based on the outcomes and experiences of Japanese projects thus far, a new model inter-comparison project called Japan’s study for reference air quality modeling (...

This review article is the second of the comprehensive series on survey of the microwave photochemical and photocatalytic processes, and is focused specially on the microwave-assisted photochemical applications of the electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs) in organic synthesis. The concept of microwave organic photochemistry is an important issue in synthetic chemistry and material science, and i...

We report the first measurements of the activation barrier for ground state trans-cis isomerization of secondary amides. We measured activation barriers of Ea ) 13.8 ( 0.8 kcal/mol for aqueous solutions of N-methylacetamide (NMA) and Ea ) 11.0 ( 0.7 kcal/mol for glycylglycine (Gly-Gly). These activation barriers were determined from the temperature dependence of the ground state isomerization r...

The prediction of ground level ozone for air quality monitoring and assessment is simulated through an integrated system of gridded models (meteorological, photochemical), where the atmosphere is represented with a three-dimensional grid that may include thousands of grid cells. The continuity equation solved by the Photochemical Air Quality Model (PAQM) reproduces the atmospheric processes (dy...

We examine factors controlling the photochemical oxidation of SO2 in tropospheric aerosols using a gas-aqueous photochemical model. Over a range of liquid water contents (3x10 -4g H20 m -3 to 9 g H20 m -3) and pH values (0 to 8), we find that H202(aq) and O3(aq) provide the major sinks for SO2 in the aqueous phase when pH is held constant at below 5 and larger than 6, respectively. OH(aq) may b...

Exposure to volatile organic compounds from outdoor air pollution is a major public health concern; however, there is scant information about the health effects induced by inhalation exposure to photochemical transformed products of primary emissions. In this study, we present a stable and reproducible exposure method to deliver ppm-ppb levels of gaseous standards in a humidified air stream for...

We quantify the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced through lightning and photochemical processes in the Hadean atmosphere to be available in the Hadean ocean for the emergence of life. Atmospherically generated nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) are the most attractive high-potential electron acceptors for pulling and enabling crucial redox reactions of autotrophic metabolic pathways at su...

OBJECTIVES In our investigations we have reported that photochemical reaction leading to brain ischemia can also be precipitated with visible light from a non-coherent light source. It was revealed that focal cerebral ischemia after photochemical reaction cause the alterations in the capillaries ultrastructure and perivascular spaces of the barrier-competent regions of the brain. The purpose of...