The paper discusses the transferring rules of the output from a dependency parser for Bulgarian into RMRS analyses. This task is required by the machine translation compatibility between Bulgarian and English resources. Since the Bulgarian HPSG grammar is still being developed, a repairing mechanism has been envisaged by parsing the Bulgarian data with the Malt Dependency Parser, and then retri...

Computers have played a significant role in second language learning as they can offer different types of language activities and provide learners with immediate and appropriate feedbacks. In ICALL systems, learning is activated by focusing the learner's attention to the correct form and comparing it to the wrong one. Feedback offers an explicit explanation of the mistakes made by the student. ...

This paper de nes uni cation based ID/LP grammars based on typed feature structures as nonterminals and proposes a variant of Earley's algorithm to decide whether a given input sentence is a member of the language generated by a particular typed uni cation ID/LP grammar. A solution to the problem of the nonlocal ow of information in uni cation ID/LP grammars as mentioned in Sei ert (1991) is in...

This paper describes a parser which generates parse trees with empty elements in which traces and fillers are co-indexed. The parser is an unlexicalized PCFG parser which is guaranteed to return the most probable parse. The grammar is extracted from a version of the PENN treebank which was automatically annotated with features in the style of Klein and Manning (2003). The annotation includes GP...

A number of authors working in the HPSG paradigm (Reape, 1990, 1994, 1996; Richter and Sailer, 1995; Kathol, 1995; Müller, 1995, 1999a; Penn, 1999, and others) have argued on linguistic grounds that constituent structure should not be directly linked to word order properties. While the formal realizations of the proposals differ, all these so-called linearization approaches have in common that ...

This paper describes the RenTAL system, which enables sharing resources in LTAG and HPSG formalisms by a method of grammar conversion from an FB-LTAG grammar to a strongly equivalent HPSG-style grammar. The system is applied to the latest version of the XTAG English grammar. Experimental results show that the obtained HPSG-style grammar successfully worked with an HPSG parser, and achieved a dr...

The demand for deep linguistic analysis for huge volumes of data means that it is increasingly important that the time taken to parse such data is minimized. In the XLE parsing model which is a hand-crafted, unification-based parsing system, most of the time is spent on unification, searching for valid f-structures (dependency attributevalue matrices) within the space of the many valid c-struct...

We present a method for automatic RMRS semantics construction from dependency structures, following the semantic algebra of Copestake et al. (2001). We have applied this method to a subset of the TIGER Dependency Bank for German (Forst et al., 2004) to obtain a semantic treebank for (HPSG) parser evaluation. We describe the semantics construction mechanism and give evaluation figures from manua...

This paper describes the RenTAL system, which enables sharing resources in LTAG and HPSG formalisms by a method of grammar conversion from an FB-LTAG grammar to a strongly equivalent HPSG-style grammar. The system is applied to the latest version of the XTAG English grammar. Experimental results show that the obtained HPSG-style grammar successfully worked with an HPSG parser, and achieved a dr...

In this paper, we shall present a generalization of phrase structure grammar, in which all functional categories (such as verbs and adjectives) have type restrictions, that is, their argument types are speciic domains. In ordinary phrase structure grammar, there is just one universal domain of individuals. The grammar does not make a distinction between verbs and adjectives in terms of domains ...