The more frequent diagnosis of sliding hiatal hernia has focused surgical attention on the crural fibres of the diaphragm. The part played by the muscular hiatus in " the closing mechanism " between stomach and oesophagus is, however, still undecided. Various experimental methods of dividing crural muscle and phrenic nerve have been tried at different centres to evaluate the importance of the m...

A randomized, controlled study of a mandibular advancement splint for obstructive sleep apnea. Efficacy of positive airway pressure and oral appliance in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. advancement devices in 630 men and women with obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: tolerability and predictors of treatment success. Assessment of upper airway dynamics in awake sleep apnea patients wi...

A randomized, controlled study of a mandibular advancement splint for obstructive sleep apnea. Efficacy of positive airway pressure and oral appliance in mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. advancement devices in 630 men and women with obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: tolerability and predictors of treatment success. Assessment of upper airway dynamics in awake sleep apnea patients wi...

The aim of the present study was to observe whether protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) within the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) was involved in the regulation of ventilatory responses of peripheral chemoreflex. The experiments were performed on anesthetized, immobilized and artificially ventilated rabbits. Peripheral chemoreflex was elicited by ventilating the animal with 10% O2-balance 90% N2. C...

Diaphragmatic paralysis in patients with respiratory insufficiency compounds the problems in the management. In the presence of lower lobe atelectasis, pleural effusion, or a patient's poor respiratory effort, fluoroscopic examination is often not a reliable way to diagnose diaphragmatic paralysis. We observed that transcutaneous phrenic nerve stimulation in the neck and recording the diaphragm...

AIMS Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) with improved temporal and spatial resolution is one of the most commonly used non-invasive tests for evaluation of pulmonary veins (PVs) and adjacent structures before cryoablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Identification of spatial neighbouring of phrenic nerves is important to decrease likelihood of phrenic nerve palsy (PNP). The purpose o...

Single fibre and "integrated" phrenic nerve activity was recorded in anaesthetized spontaneously breathing rabbits, during experimentally induced lung oedema. Tidal volume, blood pressure, end-tidal CO2, were monitored. In oedema the number of impulses in each volley slightly decreased while the discharge frequency was increased relatively to control values. The latter effect was due to the inc...

Patients with high spinal cord injury may present with significant cardiac dysautonomia. There is a dearth of data regarding electromechanical interference to cardiac pacemakers from phrenic nerve stimulators which are used in such patients for respiratory support. We report an instance of bipolar lead permanent pacemaker insertion for ventricular standstill in a man with quadriplegia following...

Physical factors When 16 years old, he was knocked out in a landmine explosion. Both arms were fractured and he had abdominal and chest injuries. At 21 years he suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis. He was treated with a phrenic nerve crush and with surgical pneumothoraces which were corrected in 1949. He has since suffered from chronic bronchitis each winter. Physical examination revealed the ...

INTRODUCTION. Dysfunction of diaphragm postoperatively is associated with worsened quality life and increased health care costs due to prolonged respiratory support morbidity. After cardiac operations, dysfunction can take place in up 10 % patients but often remains underdiagnosed. At the same time, histologically revealed changes, such as muscle atrophy diaphragm, start within 12 hours mechani...