Historically, physical models have led to prohibitively expensive synthesis algorithms, and commercially available synthesizers do not yet appear to make use of them. These days, most synthesizers use either processed digital recordings (\sampling synthesis") or an abstract algorithm such as Frequency Modulation (FM). However, as computers become faster and cheaper, and as algorithms based on p...

The Functional Transformation Method (FTM) is an established method for sound synthesis by physical modeling, which has proven its feasibility so far by the application to strings and membranes. Based on integral transformations, it provides a discrete solution for continuous physical problems given in form of initialboundary-value problems. This paper extends the range of applications of the F...

This paper briefly reviews several recent developments in physical modeling of woodwind musical instruments. In particular, issues with regard to real-time synthesis of toneholes, the single-reed excitation mechanism, and conical air columns are discussed. A programming environment appropriate for real-time physical modeling synthesis is presented, as well as issues of control demanded by recen...

In order to address the challenges of future integrated circuit design, both logic synthesis and physical design will need to be tightly integrated. This includes integrating the circuit structure information produced by logic synthesis with the placement stage of physical design. The first step is to determine the effects of partitioning decisions on placement performance. This paper describes...

In this paper we propose the synthesis of 4-(anthracen-10-yl)-1-cyclohexyl-3-phenoxyazetidin2-one. In addition to its synthesis AM1 calculations to characterize the physical properties of the molecule is also presented.

We present a real-time synthesis model for double-reed wind instruments based on a nonlinear physical model. One specificity of double-reed instruments, namely, the presence of a confined air jet in the embouchure, for which a physical model has been proposed recently, is included in the synthesis model. The synthesis procedure involves the use of the physical variables via a digital scheme giv...

Nanotechnology could be a very important field of recent research dealing with medical, industrial, environment. Silver nanoparticles are the topics of researchers because of their distinctive properties (size, shape depending optical, antimicrobial, and electrical properties). The synthesis of safe nanoparticles by biological organisms is recommended due to the environmental friendliness and l...