Indentation hardness has been used extensively for material characterization and many recent computational studies have established quantitative relationships between elasto-plastic mechanical properties and the response in instrumented indentation. In contrast, very few studies have systematically quantified the effect of the plastic deformation characteristics on the frictional sliding respon...

Fault tree analysis is a systematic safety analysis tool that proceeds deductively from the occurrence of an undesired event (accident) to the identification of the root causes of that event. One recurring mine safety problem—a dozer falling into a void over a drawpoint on a coal surge pile—was analyzed using available, inexpensive fault tree programs on a personal computer. The analysis identi...

The potential effects of pile driving on fish populations and commercial fisheries have received significant attention given the prevalence of pile driving occurring in coastal habitats throughout the world. Behavioral impacts of sound generated from these activities on fish typically have a greater area of influence than physical injury, and may therefore adversely affect a greater portion of ...

Deep foundations are slender pile elements used to transfer loads from structures into deeper soil strata below the ground. Deep foundations have a variety of loads including axial, lateral and moments. Often these loads will act together to form a combination of loads, such as oblique forces that have a component of axial and lateral forces. Due to the pile’s length, which can extend past 30 m...

We study a variation of the combinatorial game of 2-pile Nim. Move as in 2-pile Nim but with the following constraint: Provided the previous player has just removed say x > 0 tokens from the pile with less tokens, the next player may remove x tokens from the pile with more tokens. But for each move, in “a strict sequence of previous player next player moves”, such an imitation takes place, the ...

Modelling the sound levels in the water column due to pile driving operations nearby and out to large distances from the pile is crucial in assessing the likely impact on marine life. Standard numerical techniques for modelling the sound radiation from mechanical structures such as the finite element (FE) and boundary element method are not well suited to predict the sound field efficiently at ...

Analytical solutions are developed for harmonic wave propagation in an axially or laterally oscillating pile embedded in homogeneous soil and excited at the top. Pilesoil interaction is realistically represented through a dynamic Winkler model, the springs and dashpots of which are given values based on results of finite element analyses with the soil treated as a linear hysteretic continuum. C...

According to what I will call a contextualist solution to the sorites paradox, vague terms are context-sensitive, and one can give a convincing dissolution of the sorites paradox in terms of this context-dependency. The reason, according to the contextualist, that precise boundaries for expressions like “heap” or “tall for a basketball player” are so difficult to detect is that when two entitie...

UNLABELLED Expression of type four pili (Tfp) is essential for virulence in Neisseria meningitidis. Pili mediate adhesion, bacterial aggregation, and DNA uptake. In N. meningitidis, the major pilin subunit is encoded by the pilE gene. In some strains, PilE is subject to phase and antigenic variation, which can alter Tfp properties and together offer a possible mechanism of immune escape. Pilin ...

A 66-year-old male patient came to the anorectal clinic, Outpatient department, AVT Institute for Advanced Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, with complaints of prolapsing pile mass during defecation and bleeding while passing stool. The case was diagnosed as "Raktarsha" - 11 & 7 'o' clock position II degree internal hemorrhoids, deeply situated, projecting one and caused by pitta and rakta; wit...