Weight on the bit is accomplished by running in the hole, between the bit and the drill pipe, several lengths of extremely heavy thick-walled pipe, called “drill collars”. Drill pipe may weigh up to 30 kg/m. Drill collars, of larger diameter than drill pipe and of constant diameter throughout, can weigh up to IS0 kg/m. The full hanging weight of the whole assembly in the blocks in the derrick (...

When evaluating single walled pipe vs. double walled pipe systems, one must consider two important types of failures: 'functional failure' and 'containment failure'. A functional failure is defined as pipeline system damage without loss of product containment integrity to the environment. A containment failure is defined as pipeline system damage with loss of product containment integrity, that...

Pipe joints have been widely utilized in industrial plants, where dynamic load of vibration is considerably harmful for sealing performance. However, there is a lock of design codes and experimental procedures developed for vibration testing of pipe joints. This paper proposes an experimental setup for testing of pipe joints, which use metal gaskets, in vibratory conditions. Also, a flexible pi...

Many asteroids and comets orbit the inner solar system; among them Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are those celestial bodies for which the orbit lies close, and sometimes crosses, the Earth’s orbit. Over the last decades the impact hazard they pose to the Earth has generated heated discussions on the required measures to react to such a scenario. The aim of the research presented in this dissertatio...

Failures in cast iron water mains are more complex and diverse than is widely understood in the industry. This paper discusses the modes and causes of pipe failures that have been encountered during a three year investigation by the National Research Council Canada. In addition to corrosion, manufacturing defects, human error and unexpected levels of pipe loading all play a role in the large nu...

Due to the periodic movement of the piston in the reciprocating pump, the fluid will cause 8 pressure pulsation, and the vibration of the pipeline will lead to instrument distortion, pipe failure 9 and equipment damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the vibration phenomena of the 10 reciprocating pump pipeline based on the pressure pulsation theory. This paper starts from the 11 reciproca...

OBJECTIVE Although extensive work has been done on cigarette smoking and its effects on pulmonary function, there are limited number of studies on water-pipe smoking. The effects of water-pipe smoking on health are not widely investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of water-pipe smoking on pulmonary permeability. METHODS Technetium-99m DTPA inhalation scintigraphy was...

ed from Turner, J.A.M.; Sillett, R.W.; and McNichol, M.W.Effect of carboxyhaemoglobin and plasma nicotine concentrations inprimary pipe and cigar smokers and ex-cigarette smokers. BritishMedical Journal, 2:1387-1387, 1977. ©1977, British Medical Jour-nal. Reproduced by permission. *Primary pipe and cigar smokers are those who have never been regu-lar cigarette smokers. Secon...

The incremental solution building capability of ant algorithm is exploited in this paper for the efficient layout and pipe size optimization of sanitary sewer network. Layout and pipe size optimization of sewer networks requires that the pipe locations, pipe diameters and pipe slopes are optimally determined. This problem is a highly constrained mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) probl...

The outlet feeder pipe thinning in a PHWR (Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor) is caused by a high pressure steam flow inside the pipe, which is a well known degradation mechanism called a FAC (Flow Assisted Corrosion). In order to monitor the degradation, the thickness of the outlet bends close to the exit of the pressure tube should be measured and analyzed at every official overhaul. This paper...