Despite extensive efforts, cancer therapies directed at the Protein Kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases have failed in clinical trials. These therapies have been directed at inhibiting PKC and have, in some cases, worsened disease outcome. Here we examine colon cancer patients and show not only that PKC Beta II is a tumour suppressor, but patients with low levels of this isozyme h...

Protein kinase C (PKC) regulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel activity but the PKC signaling mechanism is not yet known. The goal of these studies was to identify PKC isotype(s) required for control of CFTR function. CFTR activity was measured as36Cl efflux in a Chinese hamster ovary cell line stably expressing wild-type CFTR (CHO-wtCFTR) and in a Calu-3 ce...

The protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway has been associated with modulation of N-metyl-D-aspartate receptor activity, motor behavior, learning, and memory, all of which are severely impaired in organophosphate (OP) intoxication. Nevertheless, the role of PKC in OP intoxication is largely unknown. The present study attempted to characterize alterations in the immunoreactivity levels of PKC ...

We here describe the structural requirements for Golgi localization and a sequential, localization-dependent activation process of protein kinase C (PKC) mu involving auto- and transphosphorylation. The structural basis for Golgi compartment localization was analyzed by confocal microscopy of HeLa cells expressing various PKC mu-green fluorescent protein fusion proteins costained with the Golgi...

OBJECTIVE Metabolism of long-chain fatty acids within the duodenum leads to the activation of duodenal mucosal protein kinase C (PKC)-δ and the cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptor to lower glucose production through a neuronal network. However, the interfunctional relationship between duodenal PKC-δ and CCK remains elusive. Although long-chain fatty acids activate PKC to stimulate the release of C...

BACKGROUND We have previously reported that several selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, including procyanidin B-2, promote hair epithelial cell growth and stimulate anagen induction. OBJECTIVES We discuss the hypothesis that the hair-growing activity of procyanidin B-2 is related to its downregulation or inhibition of translocation of PKC isozymes in hair epithelial cells. METHODS ...

The role of the Ca2+-sensitive phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) was studied in cultured rat aortic smooth-muscle cells, known to respond to angiotensin II (Ang II) by producing prostacyclin, determined by the release of 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1 alpha. PKC activity was measured in the cytosol and the solubilized membrane fraction after DEAE-cellulose chromatography using a linear NaCl...

Banan, A., J. Z. Fields, Y. Zhang, and A. Keshavarzian. Key role of PKC and Ca21 in EGF protection of microtubules and intestinal barrier against oxidants. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 280: G828–G843, 2001.—Using monolayers of human intestinal (Caco-2) cells, we showed that growth factors (GFs) protect microtubules and barrier integrity against oxidative injury. Studies in nongastroi...

Our goals were to identify the isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) present in primary cultures of canine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and to determine whether angiotensin II (ANG II) triggers translocation of specific PKC isoforms to discreet intracellular locations. Isoform-specific antibodies and Western blot analysis were utilized to identify the isoforms of PKC in PASMCs. In...

BACKGROUND Phosphorylation critically regulates the catalytic function of most members of the protein kinase superfamily. One such member, protein kinase C (PKC), contains two phosphorylation switches: a site on the activation loop that is phosphorylated by another kinase, and two autophosphorylation sites in the carboxyl terminus. For conventional PKC isozymes, the mature enzyme, which is pres...