BACKGROUND As a newly developed treatment method for schizophrenia, horticultural therapy is gaining more attention. However, there is as of now little research investigating this topic as well as a general lack of studies adopting into standard treatment plans. AIMS Investigate treatment effect of horticultural therapy on patients with schizophrenia and its possibility of standardized applic...

BACKGROUND Rodent approach-avoidance conflict tests are common preclinical models of human anxiety disorder. Their translational validity mainly rests on the observation that anxiolytic drugs reduce rodent anxiety-like behavior. Here, we capitalized on a recently developed approach-avoidance conflict computer game to investigate the impact of benzodiazepines and of amygdala lesions on putative ...

Since 1950 or so, placebos and their effect have generated a considerable interest in certain medical communities, in particular among psychiatrists and the designers of clinical trials, yet the only significant external study of this phenomenon to appear has been Howard Brody's doctoral investigation, Placebos and the philosophy ofmedicine, published in 1980. In 1997, however, three book-lengt...

SUMMARY The expectation of pain relief can exert a powerful analgesic effect, even when pain is severe. Depending on the nature of experiences and instructions provided, a placebo analgesic effect can be elicited acutely in a very large percentage of individuals, in both experimental and clinical contexts. Placebo analgesia has been linked with activity in the prefrontal cortex, endogenous opio...

If we look at the energy as something that is all around us, then it clear such can be used even for purpose of tourism. Sofia's springs dry spa which located in national park and fields with strongest positive radiation world are phenomenon. Whether this a placebo effect or real bio circles, location has potential to attract "health tourists" from over world. The research took whole 7 years, d...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the common side effect of ankle oedema with arteriolar vasodilators such as the calcium entry blocker (CEB) nifedipine and the potassium channel opener (PCO) diazoxide is the direct result of peripheral vasodilation or merely a consequence of renal sodium retention. DESIGN In 12 healthy sitting volunteers we studied for 3 h the effects of 20 mg nifedipine, 150 m...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of different antipyretic agents and their highest recommended doses for preventing febrile seizures. DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. SETTING Five hospitals, each working as the only pediatric hospital in its region. PARTICIPANTS A total of 231 children who experienced their first febrile seizure between January 1, 1997, and Dec...