Plasmids play an important role in the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella. Salmonella carry plasmids having different size and number. Plasmid profile analysis of single isolates of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis revealed the presence of 4- plasmid profiles. Salmonella serovars produce several Type III secretions including Sop-E and Sop –B. Soap E is detected b...

Chaperones are produced by prokaryotic, yeast and higher eukaryotic cells for various purposes. Over-expression of each chaperone or sets of them affect the production level of a recombinant protein in the cell. On the basis of this hypothesis, five different plasmids with 5 different combinations of 6 chaperones molecule, transformed into Escherichia coli along with human basic Fibroblast Grow...

Abstract The persistence of plasmids in bacterial populations represents a puzzling evolutionary problem with serious clinical implications due to their role the ongoing antibiotic resistance crisis. Recently, major advancements have been made toward resolving this “plasmid paradox” but mainly nonclinical context. Here, we propose an additional explanation for maintenance multidrug-resistance E...

The 46.4-kb nucleotide sequence of pSK41, a prototypical multiresistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus, has been determined, representing the first completely sequenced conjugative plasmid from a gram-positive organism. Analysis of the sequence has enabled the identification of the probable replication, maintenance, and transfer functions of the plasmid and has provided insights into the e...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The nosocomial human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii has high propensity to develop resistance to antimicrobials and to become multidrug resistant (MDR), consequently complicating the treatment. This study was carried out to investigate the presence of resistant plasmids (R-plasmids) among the clinical isolates of A. baumannii. In addition, the study was performed to ch...

The purpose of this study was to characterize a collection of 103 multidrug resistance IncF plasmids recovered from Escherichia coli of food producing and companion animals between 2003 and 2012. A total of 103 incF plasmids were characterized using an established PCR-based IncF replicon sequence typing (RST) system to identify FII, FIA, and FIB (FAB) groups. Plasmids were also analyzed using-r...

Streptomyces linear plasmids and linear chromosomes can replicate also in a circular form when their telomeres are deleted. The 17-kb linear plasmid pSLA2 has been a useful model in studies of such replicons. Here we report that the minimal origin initiating replication of pSLA2-derived plasmids as circular molecules cannot propagate these plasmids in a linear mode unless they also contain a no...

Borrelia species of relapsing fever (RF) and Lyme disease (LD) lineages have linear chromosomes and both linear and circular plasmids. Unique to RF species, and little characterized to date, are large linear plasmids of ∼160 kb, or ∼10% of the genome. By a combination of Sanger and next-generation methods, we determined the sequences of large linear plasmids of two New World species: Borrelia h...

OBJECTIVES To characterize bla(CTX-M) IncFII plasmids and clones of Escherichia coli from cats and dogs and to compare them with bla(CTX-M) IncFII plasmids reported in humans. METHODS From December 2006 to April 2010, 518 E. coli isolates from clinical infections in cats and dogs were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by d...