Ionic solvation in a polar solvent is modeled by a central charge surrounded by dipolar molecules posted on two-dimensional distorted lattice sites with simple rotational dynamics. Density of states is calculated by applying the Wang-Landau algorithm to both the energy and polarization states. The free energy landscapes of solvent molecules as a function of polarization are depicted to explore ...

— We review some open problems in the physics of afterglows, namely their polarization properties and the existence of dark/faint bursts. Polarization studies yield precious insights in the physical structure and dynamical evolution of GRB jets, revealing their magnetization properties and their energy profile. Polari-metric observations of GRB 020813 already allowed to exclude a homogeneous je...

Properties of circularly polarized waves are studied in the pulsar magnetosphere plasma. It is shown that some observational characteristics of the circular polarization observed in the pulsar radio emission can be qualitatively explained in the framework of the model based on anomalous Doppler resonance. Performed analysis provides that if the difference between Lorentz factors of electrons an...

Modulating immune response to biomaterials through changing macrophage polarization has been proven to be a promising strategy to elicit beneficial outcomes in tissue repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of macrophage polarization to titanium doped with magnesium (0.1~0.35%), which was prepared through the magnesium plasma immersion ion implantation (Mg PIII) techniq...

Observational data imply the presence of superluminal electric currents in pulsar magnetospheres. Such sources are not inconsistent with special relativity; they have already been created in the laboratory. Here we describe the distinctive features of the radiation beam that is generated by a rotating superluminal source and show that (i) it consists of subbeams that are narrower the farther th...

Macrophage polarization is a process by which macrophages acquire a distinct phenotypic and functional profile in response to microenvironmental signals. The classically and alternatively activated (M1 and M2, respectively) macrophage phenotypes are defined by the specific molecular characteristics induced in response to prototypic pro- and anti-inflammatory cues. In this study, we used LPS/IFN...

New broad-band linear polarization measurements have been obtained for a sample of 42 optically selected QSOs including 29 broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs. The polarization properties of different sub-classes have been compared, and possible correlations with various spectral indices searched for. The main results of our study are: (1) Nearly all highly polarized QSOs of our sample belong to t...

We present the influence of the special relativistic effects of aberration and light travel time delay on pulsar high-energy lightcurves and polarization characteristics predicted by three models: the two-pole caustic model, the outer gap model, and the polar cap model. Position angle curves and degree of polarization are calculated for the models and compared with the optical data on the Crab ...

The polarization of light across individual spectral lines contains information about the circumstellar environment on very small spatial scales. We have obtained a large number of high precision, high resolution spectropolarimetric observations of Herbig Ae/Be, Classical Be and other emission-line stars collected on 117 nights of observations with the HiVIS spectropolarimeter at a resolution o...

In an attempt to probe the magnetic field morphology near the massive young star Orion-IRc2, we mapped the linear polarization of its J=2–1 SiO masers, in both the v=0 and v=1 vibrational levels, with 0.5 resolution. The intense v=1 masers are confined to a narrow zone 40 AU from the star. Their polarization position angles vary significantly on time scales of years. For the v=1 masers the stim...