Network coding allows intermediate nodes to encode data packets, which increases network throughput and enhances robustness. However, once the node injects corrupted data blocks into a network, the polluted data blocks will propagate quickly with network coding. In the existing approach a new homomorphic MAC scheme called SpaceMac, which makes it possible for an intermediate node validating whe...

Proxy caching servers are widely deployed in today’s Internet. While cooperation among proxy caches can significantly improve a network’s resilience to denial-ofservice (DoS) attacks, lack of cooperation can transform such servers into viable DoS targets. In this paper, we investigate a class of pollution attacks that aim to degrade a proxy’s caching capabilities, either by ruining the cache fi...

high processing loads, need for complicated and frequent updating, and high false alarm are some of the challenges in designing anomaly detection and misuse detection systems. we propose a new network-based intrusion detection system (ids) that resolves such shortcomings. our scheme fuses anomaly detection and misuse detection systems, which has not been utilized so far in existing systems. in ...

Molecular methods are useful both to monitor natural communities of bacteria, and to track specific bacterial markers in complex environments. Length-heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of 16S rDNAs discriminate among 16S rRNA genes based on length polymorphisms of their PCR products. With these methods, we developed an...

This project is aimed at studying environmental pollution using ion-beam analysis (IBA) techniques. The work will focus initially on the analysis of aerosol samples collected around New York State and will eventually be extended to include soil, water, sh, and tree samples. The samples will be analyzed using the IBA techniques of particle-induced X-ray emission, proton elastic scattering, parti...

The case-crossover design was developed to study the effects of transient, short-term exposures on the risk of acute events, such as myocardial infarction, in the early 1990s. This paper illustrates how the principles of case-crossover design are related to the principles of crossover and case-control designs and stipulates the possibilities of case-crossover design in air pollution epidemiolog...

This study measured the amount of pollution of fast and slow neutrons generated from a Elekta Synergy linear accelerator, using various photons and electrons and two bubble detectors, BDT and BD-PND. The BDT bubble detector is preferentially sensitive to thermal neutrons. The BDPND is the recommended detector for personal neutron dosimetry.First, 10-MV photon radiation fields of 40×40 cm, 30×30...

This study evaluated the relationship between the traditional indicators of faecal pollution, total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and Faecalstreptococci (FS), and the presence of few potentially pathogenic enteric bacteria, Vibrio cholerae (VC), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP), Shigella spp. (SH) and Salmonella spp. (SL) in coastal sea water. The distributional statuses of these bacteria w...

Malacca River water quality is affected due to rapid urbanization development. The present study applied LULC changes towards water quality detection in Malacca River. The method uses LULC, PCA, CCA, HCA, NHCA, and ANOVA. PCA confirmed DS, EC, salinity, turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, As, Hg, Zn, Fe, E. coli, and total coliform. CCA confirmed 14 variables into two variates; first variate involves...

Boundary environmental pollution and pollution spillovers are important issues for improving the water quality of trans-boundary rivers. This paper explores the empirical effects of the evolution of the pollution reduction mandates on boundary pollution by studying the change of water pollution levels (as proxied by pH, BOD, COD and NH3-N) of key state monitoring stations from 2004 to 2014. The...