Central pontine myelinolysis is an acquired demyelinating disorder of uncertain origin that predominantly affects the centre of the basilar portion of the pons. Several theories have been proposed to account for this condition, prominent among them being abnormalities in serum sodium concentration. We report on a patient who had central pontine myelinolysis with extrapontine lesions and Wernick...

Correspondence to: Dr Kimihiro Nakamura, Department of Neurology, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, 2-10-39 Shibata, Kitaku, Osaka 530, Japan. 1 Holtzman RNN, Zablozki V, Yang WC, Leeds NE. Lateral pontine tegmental hemorrhage presenting as isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy. Neurology 1 987;37:704-6. 2 Kaneko K, Yuasa T, Miyatake T. Pontine infarction manifesting as isolated trigeminal sen...

Acute Changes in Blood Pressure Following Vascular Diseases in the Brain Stem • The relationship of the type of acute change in blood pressure to the site of the brain lesion, following cerebral hemorrhage and infarction, were studied in 108 patients in whom autopsy was performed. No significant changes in blood pressure were observed in cases with lesions localized rostral to the midbrain and ...

Cortico-hypoglossal projections were investigated in 11 patients with unifocal ischaemic lesions of different brainstem levels using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Lesion topography was documented by MRI studies. In seven patients the projections to the ipsi- and contralateral hypoglossal nuclei were separately affected. Pontine lesions at the ventral paramedian base close to the midline af...

Central pontine myelinolysis occurs inconsistently as a complication of severe and prolonged hyponatremia, particularly when corrected too rapidly. This condition is a concentrated, frequently symmetric, noninflammatory demyelination within the central basis pontis. We describe a head injury patient who developed central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis following a gradual correction of hy...

Pontine infarcts account for 7% of all ischemic strokes [1,2]. Within this group, the microangiopathic variant affecting the pontine tegmental location, specifically the area involving the infranuclear portion of the VII cranial nerve, is very atypical. Our primary goal is to describe a perforating prepontine long circumferential artery occlusion affecting the CN VII nucleus. To our knowledge, ...

A 44-year-old female is described who developed persistent upper extremity and orolingual dystonia several weeks after suspected onset of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM), later confirmed by characteristic pontine lesions on MRI. No foci of the extrapontine myelinolysis were evident. This case confirms that dystonia may be a late and persistent sequela of CPM and may occur in the absence of v...

The present case describes a patient with one and a half syndrome due to pontine granuloma (neurocysticercosis). In one and a half syndrome, the lesion affects the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) (or the abducens nucleus) and the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) on the same side (the MLF having crossed from the opposite side). It is most often caused by multiple sclerosis, bra...

Although significant advances have been made in treating malignant pediatric central nervous system tumors such as medulloblastoma, no effective therapy exists for diffuse pontine glioma or intramedullary spinal astrocytoma. Biology of these 2 tumors is poorly understood, in part because diffuse pontine gliomas are not treated surgically, and tumor specimens from intramedullary spinal astrocyto...